农业区域开发的几个战略问题

根据10年来全面开展农业资源调查和农业区划的研究成果,对我国农业区域开发的总体布局提出如下建议:(1)发展我国农业的战略重点,应当放在约占国土一半的东南部湿润、半湿润地区,同时要加强对西北部干旱、半干旱地区生态环境的改善;(2)20亿亩耕地是国土资源的精华所在,缓和人多地少矛盾的主要途径是努力挖掘耕地的内涵潜力;(3)种植业应主攻中部地带、中产田,并要巩固提高高产田,有计划地改造低产田;(4)农区牧业要根据种植业的承受能力确定发展速度,着重从提高饲料转化效率上增产畜产品,草原牧区要采取适应与改造相结合的发展战略;(5)林业建设在继续搞好平原、城市绿化和三北防护林体系的同时,尽快把重点转向南方亚热带山丘地区;(6)改善生态环境必须与发展生产相结合,以开发促治理。

Strategies on Regional Agro-development in China

Based on a ten-year research on agricultural resource survey and agricultural regionalization, the author put forward some suggestions for an overall layout of regional agricultural development in China as followsj1. Strategical priority in China's agricultural development should be given to the humid and semi-humid region in southeast China, accounting for more than half of the whole China's territory, while strong attention must be given to the improvement of eco-environment in the arid and semi-arid areas in Northwest China.2. Two billion mu of farmlands are the most precious part of China's land resources. The most important approach to the relaxation of more population and less land is to develop the latent potentialities of existing farmlands.3. Crop plantation should be in the middle-yielding fields in the middle zone. Also, high-yielding cropfield should be further consolidated and improved, while the low-yielding cropfields must be transformed.4. Determining the development speed of animal husbandry in cropping region by the supporting capacity of crop planting with a particular attention to an increase in livestock products through raising forage conversion efficiency should be addressed . In addition, a great stress should be put on the production in pastoral area with a strategy of combination of adaptation and transformation.5. Adjusting the distribution strategy of afforestation through shifting priority to the afforestation in mountain region in subtropic area in south China must be carried out along with continually afforesting in plain and urban area as well as improving the "three-north" shelter forest system.6. Improving eco-environment should be combined with agricultural development so as to promote the control of soil and water erosion by developing production.