利用微卫星标记分析江苏三个地方鸡品种的遗传多样性

利用30个微卫星DNA标记对3个江苏地方鸡品种进行遗传多样性分析，通过计算等位基因频率、多态信息含量、平均杂合度、有效等位基因数和遗传距离，评估各品种内遗传变异和各品种间遗传相关。结果表明：江苏的3个品种在30个微卫星上共发现196个等位基因，其中96个等位基因为三个品种共有，47个等位基因为各品种所特有；3个地方鸡品种的平均杂合度：狼山鸡为0．655，鹿苑鸡为0．681，溧阳鸡为0．687；狼山鸡与溧阳鸡的遗传距离较小，而两鸡与鹿苑鸡的遗传距离较远。

Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Three Jiangsu Native Chickens with Microsatellite Markers

The genetic diversity of three native chickens in Jiangsu was studied using thirty microsatellite markers.By means of calculating the allele frequencies,polymorphism information content(PIC),heterozygosity(H),effective number of alleles and genetic distance,the genetic variability within breeds and genetic correlation among different breeds were estimated.The results were as follows:in the 30 microsatellite loci,the 196 alleles were found,the 96 alleles were shared by all breeds, 47 alleles were only detected in a single breed;the mean heterozygosity of three chicken breeds was 0.655,0.681,0.687 respectively,which indicated high genetic diversity; the genetic distance between Langshan chicken and Liyang chicken is closer than their distance to Luyuan chicken.