Structural characterization and isolation of lignin and hemicelluloses from barley straw |
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Authors: | Xiao-Feng Sun Zhanxin JingPaul Fowler Yaoguo WuM Rajaratnam |
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Institution: | a Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China b Biocomposites Centre, University of Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, United Kingdom c Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, FIN-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland |
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Abstract: | Structural characterization and isolation of lignin and hemicelluloses from crops are very important for industrial utilization. In this paper, the sequential treatments of barley straw using 90% dioxane, 80% acidic dioxane, 100% dimethyl sulfoxide, and 8% NaOH released total 93% of original lignin and 87% of original hemicelluloses. The extractions with acidic dioxane and dimethyl sulfoxide produced the original hemicelluloses and high-condensed lignin mainly from the middle lamella. FT-IR and NMR analyses show that the hemicelluloses of barley straw contain acidic arabinxylans as the major polysaccharides, which are substituted by α-l-arabinofuranose, 4-O-methyl-glucuronic acid, acetyl group (DS = 0.13), and xylose at O-3 and/or O-2 of xylan, and lignin contains β-O-4′ as a predominant interunit linkage with high amounts of β-5′ and β-1′. The guaiacyl and syringyl units are more etherified, and the proportion of erythro-β-O-4′ is slightly higher than that of threo-β-O-4′ in the lignin of barley straw. |
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Keywords: | Barley straw Treatment NMR Hemicelluloses Lignin |
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