不同施肥结构对酸性冲积菜园土的酸性与交换性能的修复效应

为了减少土壤对农业造成的损失以及给生态环境带来的恶化,为保证湖南农业的可持续发展和生态环境保护提供科学依据,以长沙市东郊浏阳河沉积物发育的冲积菜园土为研究对象,通过田间小区试验和动态取样与室内测定,研究了不同施肥结构对菜园土酸性、交换性能的改良效应。结果表明：单纯施用化学肥料处理（NPK）能明显降低土壤pH,施用石灰质物质处理（NPK＋MgO和NPK＋CaO）能有效降低表层土酸酸度;交换性铝离子只有在较低酸度的土壤中出现;耕层土壤CEC值相对比较稳定,试验土壤CEC值在8~10.75 cmol/kg之间,平均值为9.05 cmol/kg。供试土壤的保肥和酸化缓冲能力比较弱。

The Study on Remedial Effect of Several Fertilization Structures onAcidic Vegetable Soil from River Deposit

In order to reduce the loss caused by soil for agriculture and ecological environment deterioration, to guarantee the sustainable development of agriculture in Hunan and provide scientific basis for the ecological environment protection. A field experiment and laboratory analysis were performed to study acid characteristics in garden soil in the suburb of Changsha City. The results showed that: only applying chemical fertilizers could significantly reduce soil pH and promote soil acidification. Applying MgO and CaO treatments could effectively reduce the acid of surface soil, but the effect on the improvement of the bottom soil acid was not obvious. Exchangeable acid and pH value had an inverse relationship, and only at the lower acidity, exchangeable aluminum ions could be appeared in soil. Top soil CEC values were relatively stable, and soil CEC ranged from 8 to 10.75 cmol/kg with an average of 9.05 cmol/kg. The preserving-fertility and acid-base buffering capacity in the tested soil was weak.