粮食主产区农业劳动生产率增长路径分析

粮食主产区农业劳动生产率的增长是来源于生产要素的增加抑或效率的提高，关系到农业增长的可持续性和国家粮食安全的保障。笔者研究中国13个粮食主产区农业劳动生产率的增长路径，通过层层深入的分析，得出结论：从粮食主产区土地和劳动力的相对禀赋看，相对于单位土地生产率的提高，单位劳动力的产值提高的幅度更大，这种依靠增加生产要素投入以增加产值的增长途径其实质是劳动力的减少，农业劳动力的减少对农业生产总值影响的弹性很大。在中国未来农业劳动力数量稳定的情况下，农业劳动生产率的增长不可能更多地依赖农业生产要素投入的增加，农业经济增长的路径依然要依靠土地生产率的提高，走效率型的路径。

China Major Grain Producing Areas of Agricultural Labor Productivity Growth Path Analysis

The source of agricultural growth has two aspects from the theory of economic growth, Firstly the increase in investment of resources, Secondly, the productivity improvement. Agricultural labor productivity growth means related to the sustainability of agricultural growth. This paper analyzed China＇ s major grain producing areas agricultural labor productivity growth path. Relative to the increased in productivity per unit of land, the greater output came from the value of per unit labor. Its essence was the result of reduced labor number. As the labor for greater elasticity in agricultural GDP, and maintained a substantial increase in agricultural output. In future, China＇s agricultural economic growth still depends on the output per unit of land; increased agricultural productivity is still the future development of good policy.