药用植物‘海螺’望春花蕾用林栽培模式研究

为了确保地道中药材海螺望春花的质量、提高产量，该研究连续多年对海螺望春花蕾用林系列栽培措施进行对比试验。结果表明，从海螺望春花的品种母树上采种子和穗条进行播种及嫁接，其品质优于普通望春花；选择丘陵岗地反坡梯状整地和鱼鳞坑施肥能保证土壤肥力；以2m×3m的株行距，每公顷1650株的密度密植栽培可以明显提高产量；嫁接和矮化技术能提早结实并保护采蕾母树持续经营。研究有利于海螺望春花的种源的保护、纯化，单位面积的产蕾量提高67%；嫁接苗植株产蕾提早3～4年产蕾；矮化技术使树高降低到4m以下，蕾产量提高30%，同时有利于生产的安全性；制定了蕾用林的肥水管理、病虫害防控措施。上述海螺望春花蕾用林系列丰产措施为今后发展望春花，促进其优质、稳产、丰产提供了技术基础。

Study of the cultivation patterns of medicinal plant Magnolia denudate cv. Hailuo

In order to ensure the quality and improve the yield of Chinese herbal medicine Magnolia denudate cv. Hailuo ,the contrast test on series of cultivation measures is done for several years. The results show that the seeds and scions that used for sowing and grafting from the varieties of trees of Magnolia denudate cv.Hailuo, and the quality is better than the ordinary Magnolia denudate cv.Hailuo. Back-slope terrace soil preparation and scale-hole fertilization on the hilly land can ensure the soil fertility. The yield can be improved significantly with 2m ×3m plant spacing and110 plants per mu planting density. Grafting and dwarfing technology can continue operating because it can early fruiting and protect the mother trees. which can purify and protect the source of Magnolia denudate cv.Hailuo and improve the unit area of land property bud bout 67%, Grafted seedlings can get the bud for 3-4 years earlier; the technology of dwarfing of stripling makes the height of the tree not more than 4m and improve the unit area of land property bud bout 30%, also ensure the production safety; setting the fertilizer and water management, pest prevention and control measures. The paper summarizes a series of high yield cultivation technology, providing a basis for its quality, stable and high yield and the increase of economic benefit for the future development.