基于知识图谱分析的土壤有机碳稳定性研究

土壤有机碳稳定性发生变化可能会打破土壤中碳的收支平衡，进而导致大气温室气体排放增加。本文以Web of Science核心合集数据库为数据源，利用文献计量学方法定量分析了1991—2022年土壤有机碳稳定性相关的2144篇文献，并分别以发文数量、总被引频次和联系强度等指标，对国家、机构和主题等进行了分类与可视化展示。土壤有机碳稳定性相关研究发文数量总体呈上升趋势。中国的发文量最高，为793篇，但影响力低，科研创新能力有待加强；美国的中介中心性最高(0.38)，其国际影响最大。目前，土壤有机碳稳定性的研究主要集中在土地利用转变、环境效应和耕作制度等对有机碳组分、矿化速率、周转、分布特征及其稳定性的影响。下一步的研究注重对土壤有机碳稳定性进行多角度的综合研究，明确有机碳稳定性机制之间的关系及模型构建；研究不同生态系统有机碳的稳定性及固碳的贡献量，提高矿物碳稳定、土壤侵蚀、组学、微生物碳泵和湿地等主题的关注度。

Research on Stability of Soil Organic Carbon Based on Knowledge Mapping

The change in soil organic carbon (SOC) stability may break the balance of the carbon budget in soil and then lead to an increase in greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere. In this paper, based on the Web of Science Core Collection database and by using bibliometric methods, 2 144 papers related to the stability of SOC from 1991 to 2022 were quantitatively analyzed. The countries, institutions, and themes were classified and visualized according to the number of articles, total citation frequency, and relevance. The results show that the number of research papers on SOC stability is rising. China has the highest number of articles (793 in total) but with relative low influence, thus need to strengthen the scientific research and innovation capacity; US has highest intermediate centrality (0.38) and the largest international impact. So far, the research on the stability of SOC mainly focuses on the effects of land use change, environmental effects, and farming systems on the components, mineralization rate, turnover, distribution characteristics, and stability of organic carbon. Future research should pay attention to the comprehensive study of SOC stability from various aspects, clarify the relationship between the mechanisms of organic carbon stability and build the models, explore the stability of organic carbon in different ecosystems and the contribution of carbon sequestration, and promote the attention to topics such as mineral carbon stability, soil erosion, omics, microbial carbon pump, and wetland.