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Milk vetch dwarf virus infection in the Solanaceae and Caricaceae families in Southeast Asia
Authors:Aamir Lal  Eui-Joon Kil  Vo T. B. Thuy  Chairina Fadhila  Phuong T. Ho  Hee-Seong Byun  Hang T. Dao  Ji-Kwang Kim  Sukchan Lee
Affiliation:1. Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea;2. Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea

Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, South Korea;3. Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea

Crop Protection Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, South Korea;4. Plant Protection Research Institute, Hanoi, Vietnam;5. Research and Development Bureau, Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Yesan, South Korea

Abstract:Milk vetch dwarf virus (MDV) is an important member of the genus Nanovirus and is transmitted by the aphid Aphis craccivora. MDV has multiple single-stranded DNA genome components, each approximately 1 kb, and two or three alpha-satellite molecules. It mainly infects plants of the legume family Fabaceae. Recently, papaya (Carica papaya) collected in Yesan, South Korea, displaying symptoms of leaf yellowing and dwarfism, was identified as a new host for MDV. To examine the geographical distribution of MDV, papaya samples with symptoms were harvested in South Korea, Vietnam, and Taiwan in August 2018, along with tomato and pepper samples grown in adjacent fields in Vietnam. The results revealed the presence of MDV not only in papaya but also in pepper and tomato. This MDV infection in members of the Solanaceae family was confirmed by Southern blot hybridization performed using a PCR product of segment S as a probe. Based on sequence analysis of three MDV components (M, S, and C3), we verified the presence of three different isolates of MDV in these three countries and homology between sequences of isolates from papaya and from members of the Solanaceae from Vietnam. Taken together, our results clearly demonstrate MDV infection in Vietnam and Taiwan for the first time and confirm that MDV can infect economically important pepper and tomato.
Keywords:Aphis craccivora  Fabaceae  Milk vetch dwarf virus  nanovirus  Solanaceae
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