Spatiotemporal heterogeneity of PPARγ expression in porcine uteroplacenta for regulating of placental angiogenesis through VEGF-mediated signalling |
| |
Authors: | Juzuo Zhang Liqun Xue Ang Nie Qing Yang Xuan Peng Zhilong Chen Lisha Yang Yang Xie Anwen Yuan Junfei Xu |
| |
Institution: | 1. College of Biological and Food Engineering, ‘Double First-Class’ Applied Characteristic Discipline of Bioengineering in Hunan High Educational Institution, Huaihua University, Huaihua, China;2. Department of Clinic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China;3. Department of Clinic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
Huaihua Municipal Center of Animal Husbandry and Aquatic Products Bureau, Huaihua, China |
| |
Abstract: | Non-infectious prenatal mortality severely affects the porcine industry, with pathological placentation as a likely key reason. Previous studies have demonstrated that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) deficiency causes defects in the uteroplacental vasculature and induces embryonic losses in mice. However, its role in porcine placental angiogenesis remains unclear. In the present study, PPARγ expression was investigated in porcine uteroplacental tissues at gestational day (GD) 25, GD40 and GD70 via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Moreover, the roles of PPARγ in porcine placental angiogenesis were investigated using a cell model of porcine umbilical vein endothelial cells (PUVECs) to conduct proliferation, migration and tube formation assays in vitro and a mouse xenograft model to assess capillary formation in vivo. The results showed that PPARγ was mainly located in the glandular epithelium, trophoblast, amniotic chorion epithelium and vascular endothelium, as indicated by the higher expression levels at GD25 and GD40 than at GD70 in endometrium and by higher expression levels at GD40 and GD70 than at GD25 in placenta. Moreover, PPARγ expression was significantly downregulated in placenta with dead foetus. In PUVECs, knocking out PPARγ significantly inhibited proliferation, migration and tube formation in vitro and inhibited capillary formation in mouse xenografts in vivo by blocking S-phase, promoting apoptosis and downregulating the angiogenic factors of VEGF and its receptors. Overall, the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of PPARγ expression in porcine uteroplacental tissue suggests its vital role in endometrial remodelling and placental angiogenesis, and PPARγ regulates placental angiogenesis through VEGF-mediated signalling. |
| |
Keywords: | pig placental angiogenesis PPARγ VEGF signalling |
|
|