控释氮肥对不同部位棉铃素质及纤维品质的影响

设计100％树脂包膜尿素基施、50％普通尿素+50％树脂包膜尿素基施和棉花控释专用肥基施3种控释氮肥处理,以100％普通尿素为对照,研究等氮条件下,不同控释氮肥处理对棉花(鲁棉研28号)不同结铃部位棉铃素质及纤维品质的影响.结果表明,与普通氮肥处理相比,控释氮肥处理对棉株3～5果节和中上部果枝的棉铃素质及纤维品质影响显著,呈现出铃重增加、衣分降低的趋势,而对其他部位棉铃素质及纤维品质无显著影响.控释氮肥处理显著增大了纤维马克隆值,增加了纤维比强度,提高了纤维成熟度,但对纤维长度影响不显著.3个控施氮肥处理以100％树脂包膜尿素基施处理和棉花控释专用肥基施处理影响最显著.

Effects of Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer on Quality of Cotton Bolls and Fiber in Different Fruiting Branches

The objective of this study was to evaluate the differences between urea and controlled release urea in terms of their effects on the qualities of cotton bolls and fiber. The cotton cultivar Lumianyan No. 28 was grown under field conditions with three types of controlled release nitrogen fertilizers; 100% PCU (pitch controlled urea), 50% U (urea) +50% PCU (pitch controlled urea), and 100% CRBBF (controlled release bulk blending fertilizer). Compared with the control, those treatments that received controlled release nitrogen fertilizer showed improved quality of cotton bolls and fiber. That is, they showed improved quality of cotton bolls and fiber at the third to fifth fruit node on both middle and upper fruiting branches, an increased number of fruiting branches, greater boll weight at both positions on the plant, and a decreased lint percentage. Applying controlled release nitrogen fertilizer increased the fiber micronaire, significantly improved the fiber strength, and shortened the time to reach fiber maturity, but it did not affect fiber length. These results indicated that 100% PCU and CRBBF treatments significantly affected the quality of cotton bolls and fiber.