德昌地区早春中华蜜蜂采集活动的格局

蜜蜂出巢采集活动的格局与蜂群自身和外界环境条件密切相关。在德昌地区,早春已有较多植物开花,但受温度影响蜜蜂全天活动时间较短。不同蜂群出巢蜂数量的时间格局在相同日期极为相似,而在不同日期间存在变化,但均表现为单峰格局。群势是影响外出蜂数量的主要因素,群势越大则出巢采集蜂越多;观测蜂群全天出巢频次在2 718～6 858。建议充分利用出巢蜂活动格局研究蜜蜂行为和指导蜂群管理。

The Flight Activity Pattern of Apis ceratuz in Early Spring in Dechang of Southwest Sichuan

The forage activity of honeybees is closely related to the colony state and external environment. In dechang area, many plants were flowering in early spring, but the short duration of foraging was observed due to low temperature. All the colonies showed quite similar temporal pattern, and varied in the different dates. The flight activity presented unimodal pattern. The colony population was a main factor which affect the number of foraging bees, more bees could be observed in strong colonies, forage fre- quencies were 2 718-6 858. We suggested the flight activity pattern should use to study the behavior of bees and guide colony management.