7种多年生禾草作为能源植物潜力的研究

以柳枝稷（Panicum virgatum）为对照，对荻（Triarrhena sacchariflora）、芒（Miscanthus sinensis）、芦竹（Arundo donax）、芦苇（Phragmites australis）、斑叶芒（M.sinensis ‘Zebrinus’）以及甜茅（Glyceria maxima）7种高大禾草的表型特性及生物质成分进行了研究。结果表明，芒和荻的干物质年产量、燃烧值、折合标准煤均是所有材料中最高的，而灰分是所有材料中最低的，其干物质年产量分别达到了32.11、29.96 t·hm-2，燃烧值分别为17.692、18.202 MJ·kg-1，折合标准煤分别为19.42、18.64 t·hm-2，而灰分分别为29.7、23.8 g·kg-1，所有测定的指标中除燃烧值、含水量以及半纤维素含量外，其他指标与柳枝稷均存在显著差异。因此，原产中国的芒属植物是较柳枝稷更适合我国的优良的生物质能源植物。灰分与生物质能源植物的燃烧值呈线性回归关系，灰分越少则燃烧值越高。将生物质产量、灰分及热值结合分析是筛选合适的生物质能源植物科学有效的指标。

A study on biomass potentials of perennial gramineous energy plants

Takeing Panicum virgatum.as a control,the morphological properties and biomass characteristics of Miscanthus sacchariflora,Miscanthus sinensis,Arundo donax,Phragmites australis,Miscanthus sinensis ’Zebrinus’,Glyceria maxima were studied in Nanjing.The results showed that annual dry matter yield(32.11 and 29.96 t·ha-1),calorific value(17.692 and 18.202 MJ·kg-1) and standard coal equivalent(19.42 and 18.64 t·ha-1) of M.sinensis and M.sacchariflorawere were higher compared with other materials,while their ash contents(29.7 and 23.8 g·kg-1) were lower.The measured indicators of all materials,except calorific value,moisture and hemicellulose,were significantly different with those of P.virgatum(switchgrass).Thus,native Miscanthus plants compared to switchgrass were excellent biomass energy plants for China.The calorific values of bio-energy plants were negatively correlated with ash contents.Biomass yield,ash content and caloric value are two effective targets for screening the appropriate biomass linear regression relation energy plants.