氮磷肥对歪头菜产量和品质的影响

研究了不同氮（0、50、75、100 kg·hm-2）、磷（0、70、140、210 kg·hm-2）施肥水平对歪头菜（Vicia unijuga）产量和品质的影响。结果表明，不同氮、磷施用量均可提高歪头菜干草产量和品质。在单施氮肥75 kg·hm-2或磷肥140 kg·hm-2时，干草产量最高，分别为3 048 kg·hm-2和2 752 kg·hm-2，分别高于对照49.88%和35.32%；其铜、锰和锌元素含量也均显著高于对照。单施氮肥50 kg·hm-2或磷肥70 kg·hm-2，歪头菜可溶性糖和粗蛋白含量均最高。在施用氮肥50 kg·hm-2时，歪头菜可溶性糖和粗蛋白含量分别高于对照11.01%和23.53%。过量施氮肥和磷肥都会降低歪头菜产量和品质。

Effects of different nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizer on yields and nutrients of Vicia unijuga

The experiment was performed to investigate the influences of nitrogen(0,50,75,100 kg·ha-1) and phosphorous(0,70,140,210 kg·ha-1) fertilizer on nutrients and yields of Vicia unijuga.It was found that both 75 kg·ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer and 140 kg·ha-1 phosphorous fertilizer could maximize the dry matter yields of V.unijuga,the highest yield was 3 048 and 2 752 kg·ha-1,respectively.The yields were 50% and 35% higher than those with no fertilizer,respectively.In addition,by using 75 kg·ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer and 140 kg·ha-1 phosphorous fertilizer,the contents of Cu,Mn and Zn elements were much higher than those without fertilizer(P<0.05).Under the 50 kg·ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer and 70 kg·ha-1 phosphorous fertilizer,the contents of water soluble sugar and crude protein were all the highest.The contents of water soluble sugar and crude protein in 50 nitrogen were 11.0% and 23.5% higher than those without nitrogen.It should be noted that excessive amounts of nitrogen or phosphorous fertilizer would decrease the yield and quality of V.unijuga,and the actual amount of fertilizer should be considered in practice.