施用氮磷肥对苏北滩涂围垦土壤盐渍化水平的影响

以苏北滩涂围垦土壤为研究对象,采用完全随机区组设计,通过种植碱篷与施用氮磷肥等种植模式,评价不同施肥方式对围垦土壤盐渍化水平的影响。对各处理的土壤盐分八大离子、pH、EC、总碱度(TA)、钠化率(ESP)、钠吸附比(SAR)进行因子分析,提取的3个主因子解释了总方差的84.16%,并且EC、Cl-、Na+、SAR和ESP在因子1上有较高的载荷,代表滩涂土壤的盐碱特征;Ca2+与SO24-在因子2上有较高的载荷,反映土壤的结构状况;TA和CO23-在因子3上有较高的载荷,代表着滩涂土壤的碱化特征。比较盐渍化水平综合评价得分可知,裸地的盐渍化水平最高,与其他各处理相比均达到显著性差异,滩涂围垦土壤种植碱篷后,盐渍化程度均得到明显地降低。尿素与过磷酸钙对围垦土壤的盐渍化水平的影响存在交互作用,其中过磷酸钙对盐渍化的影响起主导作用。

Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization on Soil Salinization Levels in Northern Jiangsu Province of China

The reclaimed tidal flat soils were taken as study objects by completly randomized bloc design in Jianggang county of Yancheng city,Jiangsu Province of China though assessing the effects of fertilization pattern on salinization levels,which provided the scientific basis for coastal exploitation,salinization management and tidal flat land resources utilization.The water-soluble ions,EC,pH,total Alkaline,ESP and SAR were performed by factor analysis,and first three factors,which explained the total variance of 84.16%,were obtained for 13 soil measured attributes.Factor 1 had highly positive loading from EC,Cl-,Na+,SAR and ESP,and represented salinization property.Factor 2 had high loading from Ca2+ and SO2-4,which suggested soil structure condition.Factor 3 had high loading from TA and CO2-3,and reflected the alkalization property.Compared with salinization scores,the results from factor analysis indicated that salinization level under bare land was significantly higher than the other treatments and the salinization level under the treatments with planting Suaeda salsa decreased in comparison with bare land,obviously.Using statistical analysis,there was reaction for salinization level between urea and calcium superphosphate,and the dominant factor was calcium superphosphate.