不同秸秆隔层材料对河套灌区土壤水盐运移及玉米产量的影响

通过在内蒙古河套灌区设置秸秆隔层试验,研究小麦、玉米2种秸秆隔层材料对土壤水盐运移及玉米产量的影响。结果表明,秸秆隔层处理在整个玉米生育期0～40cm土层土壤含水率变化波动较大,且土壤含水率总体低于不设隔层的对照处理,不同秸秆隔层处理在玉米生长前期土壤含水率差异不明显,但后期玉米秸秆隔层处理土壤含水率低于小麦秸秆隔层。40～80cm土层不同处理土壤含水率变化趋势与0～40cm正好相反,含水率大小依次为玉米秸秆隔层、小麦秸秆隔层、对照。秸秆隔层处理抑制了土壤盐分随水分的向上运移,同时延缓了水分的下渗过程,增强了盐分淋洗效果,玉米秸秆隔层的控抑盐效果好于小麦秸秆隔层。秸秆隔层处理没有明显增产优势,玉米秸秆隔层处理较小麦秸秆隔层处理的玉米产量要略高。

Effect of Different Straw Interlayer on Soil Water-salt Movement and Maize Yield in Hetao Irrigation District in Inner Mongolia

In order to search for a simple and valuable salinized land improvement method,the effect of two straw interlayer materials(wheat straw and maize straw) on soil water-salt movement and maize yield was studied in typical experimental area in Hetao Irrigation District in Inner Mongolia.The results showed that during the whole maize growth period,soil water contents in 0~40 cm layer under two straw interlayer treatments were lower than treatment without straw interlayer(CK).No obvious difference between wheat straw and maize straw interlayer treatments in 0~40 cm layer was observed in early stage,but in later stage soil water content of maize straw interlayer treatment was lower than that of wheat straw interlayer treatment.However,the soil water content for 40~80cm had the opposite effects.Two straw interlayer treatments also decreased the salt content in 0~40 cm and 40~80 cm soil layer,relatively the controlling salinity effect of maize straw interlayer was better than wheat straw.The two straw interlayer measures did not obviously increase maize yield compared with CK,and relatively the maize yield of maize straw interlayer measure was higher than wheat straw.