不同生育期适度缺水对烤烟生长、水分利用和氮钾含量的影响

在两种施肥条件下,研究了不同生育时期水分亏缺对盆栽烤烟生长、氮钾含量和水分利用的影响。结果表明,在相同施肥水平下,与对照(正常灌水)相比,各水分亏缺处理对烟叶生长、氮钾含量和水分利用均有不同程度的影响。其中施氮量为0.1gkg-1土,N∶P2O5∶K2O为1∶1∶3时,伸根期轻度水分亏缺处理对烟叶产量和水分利用效率综合效益较好,分别比对照增加28.9%和31.2%;而旺长期和成熟期进行水分亏缺处理提高效果则不明显。因此,本实验条件下,在较低施肥条件下进行伸根期轻度水分亏缺处理(占田间持水量的50%～60%)可明显提高烟叶产量和水分利用效率。

Effects of Moderate Water Deficit during Different Growth Stages on Growth, Water Use and N and K Contents of Flue-cured Tobacco

A pot experiment was carried out to study the effects of moderate water deficit during different growing stages on growth, N and K contents, and water use of flue-cured tobacco under two fertilization levels. The results show that under the same fertilization level, water deficit treatment influences growth, N and K contents, and water use of tobacco to some extent by comparing with normal irrigation(CK). The N fertilizer level is 0.1g kg-1 soil and N∶P2O5∶K2O is 1∶1∶3, mild water deficit treated during root developing stage can increase the yield and water use efficiency of flue-cured tobacco by 31.2% and 28.9%, respectively compared to CK, but the effect of water deficit treated during the vigorous growing and maturing stages is not significant. Hence, under the lower fertilization condition, mild water deficit treated during the root developing stage (50%-60% of field capacity) in this experiment could increase the yield and water use efficiency of flue-cured tobacco significantly.