棉花叶片突变体的研究进展

为了解并且应用目前的棉花叶片突变体种质资源，本研究综述了6种类型的突变体的起源、遗传研究、基因定位、对农艺与经济性状的影响，以及突变性状可能带来的抗虫性。这6种叶片突变体包括：（1）叶形突变体：鸡脚叶、杯状叶、皱缩叶、波状叶与圆叶；（2）叶色突变体：花叶、红叶、亚红叶与芽黄； （3）自然落叶突变体；（4）叶片蜜腺突变体：无蜜腺；（5）叶片腺体突变体：无腺体；（6）叶片茸毛突变体：毛叶与光叶。得出这些叶片突变性状都是由质量性状控制的，对开展基因组研究是很好的材料，同时可以用作指示性状，另外鸡脚叶、叶片无蜜腺、毛叶和光叶都有形态抗虫性。由于突变性状具有两面性，因此建议育种中如果利用这些性状，要平衡好突变性状的优缺点。

Research Progress of Cotton Leaf Mutant

In order to understand and utilize the present cotton leaf mutant germplasm resources, the article reviewed the origin of six types of mutants, genetic research, gene localization, influence on agronomic and economic traits, and morphological insect resistance that might be brought by the leaf mutant. These six mutants included: (1) leaf shape mutant: okra leaf, cup leaf, wrinkled leaf, undulate leaf and round leaf; (2) leaf color mutant: mottled leaf, red leaf, sub-red leaf and virescent; (3) natural deciduous mutant; (4) leaf nectary mutant: nectariless; (5) leaf gland mutant: glandless; (6) leaf hair mutant: fuzzy leaf and glabrous leaf. It showed that the mutant traits were all controlled by quality traits, they were good material for genome research, and they could be used as indicative characters; Okra leaf, leaf nectariless, fuzzy leave and glabrous leaf had morphological resistance. Because of the two sides of the mutants, it was suggested that if these traits were used in breeding, breeders should balance the advantages and disadvantages of the mutant characters.