口蹄疫流行病学及感染机制的研究进展

口蹄疫(Foot-and-mouth disease FMD)是由口蹄疫病毒(Foot-and-mouth disease virus FMDV)引起偶蹄动物的一种急性、热性、高度接触性传染病。FMDV有多种血清型及其亚型,目前主要引起动物致病的就有7种,即A、O、C、SATⅠ、SATⅡ、SATⅢ和亚洲Ⅰ型(AsiaⅠ型)。病毒通常在细胞受体的参与下才入侵宿主细胞,进行扩增生命循环,感染宿主细胞,使得该病得以广泛流行。但由于口蹄疫病毒的高度变异性和适应性而在流行中出现新的特点,以及被发现的病毒在动物体内和细胞中长期存在而引发FMDV的持续感染等问题,使得本病不能有效被控制而在许多国家和地区重新暴发和流行。为此本文将口蹄疫病原学、流行病学、病毒细胞受体及其病毒在体内持续感染形成的原因方面进行的论述,为口蹄疫病毒感染机制的研究提供了科学的依据。

The Research Progress of Foot-and-mouth Disease Epidemiology and Tained Mechanism

Foot-and-mouth disease is an acute,hot property of drug,highly contagious disease of hoofed animals,which is caused by the foot-and-mouth virus.FMDV have serotypes and the multiple subtypes. At present,the main causes of animal-borne diseases have seven types,which are A,O,C,Sat I,Sat II and Sat III and Asia I (Asia I -type).But the Virus invade the host-cells only with the participation of virus-cell receptors,the expansion of the life cycle and infecting of host cells.which allow disease to be widespread.The new characteristics of adaptability and variability of foot-and-mouth virus and persistent infecting of FMDV that is caused by the virus found in animal's body and cells in long-term existence can't make FMDV disease to be effectively controlled,then it outbreaks and spreads in many countries and regions once again.Therefore,the text will study the disease pathology,epidemiologists, virus-cell receptors and the reason of forming virus persistent infection in the body.It will provide a scientific basis for studying the virus infection mechanism.