不同品种鸭生长及屠宰性能的比较研究

[目的]研究3个品种鸭的生长及屠宰性能,为进一步选育优良鸭品种提供参考依据。[方法]以樱桃谷鸭、白羽番鸭和荆江鸭为研究对象,相同条件下饲养至8周龄进行屠宰,测定体重与相关的肉用性能指标。[结果]在整个饲养期,3个品种鸭生长性能存在显著差异（P〈0.05）,其中樱桃谷鸭生长发育最快,荆江鸭生长最慢,而白羽番鸭从4周龄开始生长迅速;樱桃谷鸭的屠体重、全净膛重、瘦肉率、腿肌率、皮脂率和腹脂率均高于白羽番鸭和荆江鸭,差异显著（P〈0.05）,而荆江鸭腹脂率为0;樱桃谷鸭的全净膛率、胸肌率、屠宰率显著小于荆江鸭（P〈0.05）;3个鸭品种不同性别的屠宰指标存在差异,且樱桃谷鸭和白羽番鸭均为公鸭显著高于母鸭（P〈0.05）,荆江鸭公母间差异不显著。[结论]不同品种鸭的生长和屠宰性能之间存在差异。

A Study of Growth and Slaughter Performances between Different Duck Breeds

[Objective]To investigate the genetic differences on growth and slaughter performance and provide a reference for breeding good ducks.[Method]Tree kinds of healthy ducks including Cherry Valley duck,White Muscovy duck and Jingjiang duck were selected as experimental animals.After they were fed under the same raising condition for eight weeks,the body weight and meat traits were determined.[Result]The growth performance between three duck breeds showed significant difference(P<0.05);Cherry Valley duck grew fastest,the Jingjiang duck grew most slowly,and the White Muscovy duck grew rapidly from 4 weeks;The carcass weight,whole net carcass weight,lean meat percentage,leg muscle rate,subcutaneous fat percentage and percentage of abdominal fat of Cherry Valley duck were significant higher than those of other breeds(P<0.05).The percentage of abdominal fat of Jingjiang duck was 0.The whole net carcass rate,breast muscle rate and dressing percentage of Cherry Valley duck were significant lower than those of Jingjiang duck and White Muscovy duck(P<0.05).The slaughter performance of all male and female ducks presented different.The slaughter performance of male Cherry Valley ducks were significant higher than that of female ducks(P<0.05).But the slaughter performance between male and female Jingjiang ducks was not significantly different.[Conclusion]The growth and slaughter performances are different between different breed ducks.