精噁唑禾草灵、甲基二磺隆、扑草净处理后日本看麦娘残存植株的生长和结实能力

以采自江苏省扬州市小麦田的3个日本看麦娘种群(AJ191、AJ193、AJ195)为例,研究了供试种群对精噁唑禾草灵、甲基二磺隆、扑草净3种不同作用机理的代表性麦田除草剂的敏感性及药剂处理后残存植株的生长和结实能力.结果 表明,在推荐剂量处理下,精噁唑禾草灵对3个种群的控制效果均不理想,扑草净对3个种群均有高活性,甲基...

Growth and fertility of Alopecurus japonicus plants survived from fenoxaprop P-ethyl, mesosulfuron methyl and prometryn

Taking three Alopecurus japonicus populations (AJ191, AJ193 and AJ195) collected from wheat fields in Yangzhou, Jiangsu province as targets, sensitivity of these populations to fenoxaprop P-ethyl, mesosulfuron methyl and prometryn was investigated, and growth and fertility of A. japonicus plants survived from herbicide treatments were also determined. These three herbicides represent three different modes of action. The results indicated that treated with the recommended dose, fenoxaprop P-ethyl showed low efficacies on the three populations, prometryn showed high efficacies on the three populations and mesosulfuron methyl showed high efficacies on AJ191 and AJ193. Compared with AJ191, AJ193 showed moderate resistance to fenoxaprop P-ethyl, AJ195 showed high resistance to fenoxaprop P-ethyl, moderate resistance to mesosulfuron methyl and low resistance to prometryn. Compared with AJ191 plants without any herbicide treatment, AJ191 plants survived from fenoxaprop P-ethyl 103.5 g/hm2 (active ingredient, the same below) treatments showed significant (P <0.05) decreases in the dry weight of aboveground parts, number of reproductive tillers per plant and number of total seeds per plant 180 d after sowing, by 43.1%, 42.6% and 44.4%, respectively. Nevertheless, compared with plants from the same population without any herbicide treatment, AJ193 and AJ195 surviving plants after treated with fenoxaprop P-ethyl at 103.5 g/hm2 or prometryn at 375 g/hm2, and AJ195 surviving plants after treated with mesosulfuron methyl at 15.75 g/hm2, showed no significant difference in the dry weight of aboveground parts, number of reproductive tillers per plant and number of total seeds per plant 180 d after sowing. In conclusion, after treated with the three representative wheat herbicides, all of the three A. japonicus populations showed high abilities on growth and reproduction. Prometryn showed high efficacies on A. japonicus, which could be used to manage A. japonicus populations with resistance to fenoxaprop P-ethyl or mesosulfuron methyl.