黑壳楠木材构造特征及挥发性有机物成分

以四川省雅安市黑壳楠Lindera megaphylla活立木为研究对象，通过观察黑壳楠木材的宏微观构造特征，测量和分析导管、木纤维、木射线、轴向薄壁细胞的形态参数及其组织比量，同时采用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术分析黑壳楠木材挥发性有机物成分的主要组分，探究其木材构造特征并分析挥发性化学成分。结果表明:黑壳楠木材构造特征为散孔材，管孔数少，导管长度属于中级别，木纤维长度中，多列射线宽度细至中，轴向薄壁组织量少。木纤维、木射线、导管、轴向薄壁组织的组织比量分别为52.7%，24.6%，13.2%，9.5%。共分离出黑壳楠木材挥发性有机物成分39个峰，鉴定出23种化合物，占总成分的87.11%，主要为烃类化合物及其含氧衍生物。黑壳楠木材挥发性有机物成分中相对含量超过1%的成分共有13种，占总峰面积的80.22%。黑壳楠木材挥发性有机物成分含18种萜类化合物，均为倍半萜化合物，累计相对含量高达58.63%。得出以下结论:实验所得黑壳楠木材构造特征可作为其区分于其他木种的重要理论依据之一; 黑壳楠木材具有较高的医药利用价值，同时在芳香理疗产品的应用方面具有极大的潜力。

Structural characteristics of Lindera megaphylla wood and its volatile organic compounds

To explore the structural characteristics of wood and its volatile organic compounds for the purpose of scientific and objective evaluation, as well as for offering an important basis for reasonable and further exploitation of the resource, Lindera megaphylla was studied in Ya'an City, Sichuan Province. First, the macroscopic and microscopic structure of L. megaphylla were observed, and then the morphological parameters and tissue proportion of vessels, wood fibers, wood rays, and longitudinal parenchyma were measured and analyzed. Meanwhile, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technology was applied to analyze the chemical components of the volatile organic compounds. Results indicated structural characteristics of L. megaphylla included diffuse porous wood, a few pores, vessels and wood fibers having medium length, multiseriate rays with widths ranging from thin to medium level, and a small number of longitudinal parenchyma. The tissue proportions were as follows:wood fibers-52.7%, wood rays-24.6%, vessels-13.2%, and longitudinal parenchyma-9.5%. In the volatile organic compounds of L. megaphylla, 39 peaks were separated. Altogether, 23 types of compounds, accounting for 87.11% of the total composition and being mainly composed of hydrocarbons and oxygenated derivatives, were identified. Among the volatile organic compounds, 13 kinds had more than 1% of the total components in relative content accounting for 80.22% of the total peak area. The main volatile organic compounds contained 18 kinds of terpenoids and were all sesquiterpenoid compounds with a total relative content of 58.63%. Thus, structural characteristics of L. megaphylla could distinguish it from other species of wood, and analysis of volatile organic compounds showed that its wood had a high medical utilization value and great potential for application in aromatherapy products.