辽宁章古台樟子松生长过程分析

樟子松Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica引种至沙地，经过60多年的生长已经到了生命周期的末期。及时总结第1代沙地樟子松的生长过程，可以更好地为沙地樟子松的推广、更新、经营管理提供理论依据。选择引种地辽宁章古台不同立地条件下30 a以上樟子松人工林标准地（11块）的平均木作为解析木（11株），求解Richards模型的参数并检验模型的拟合性，运用建立的Richards模型求解沙地樟子松的各种特征值，从而揭示沙地樟子松的生长进程。结果表明:①樟子松的生长能够用Richards模型很好地模拟，残差符合正态分布，显著性均大于0.05。模型的参数值分别为树高:14.179，0.084，2.803；胸径:19.379，0.075，1.712；材积:0.296，0.062，5.926。②引种到章古台沙地的第1代樟子松，树高在第12.3年连年生长量达到最大值0.54 m·a-1，第21.4年平均生长量达到最大值0.39 m·a-1；胸径平均在6.6 a后开始生长，第14.0年连年生长量达到最大值0.77 cm·a-1，第26.0年时平均生长量达到最大值0.47 cm·a-1；材积生长在12.0 a之前生长缓慢，第29.0年其连年生长量达到最高值0.007 4 m3·a-1，平均生长量在第47.0年达到最大（即林木数量成熟年龄），最大平均生长量达0.004 5 m3·a-1。樟子松引种到章古台后，生长进程加快，生命周期缩短，成熟期提前。

Growth of Mongolian pine in Zhanggutai of Liaoning Province

The aim is to summarize the growth process for first generation Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica) on sandy land, where its life cycle ends after about 60 years, and to provide a theoretical basis for promotion, regeneration, and management of a Mongolian pine plantation. 11 trees were selected for analysis, chosen from standard plots of 11 Mongolian pine plantation stands (> 30 a) with different site conditions in Zhanggutai of Liaoning Province. Then parameters for Richards model were solved and the goodness-of-fit was tested. To reveal the growth process of Mongolian pine, eigenvalues of Mongolian pine trees were used in Richards Equation. Results of height, diameter at breast height (DBH), and volume of Mongolian pine were simulated by Richards model with the parameter estimated values of 14.179, 0.084, and 2.803 for height; 19.379, 0.075, and 1.712 for DBH; and 0.296, 0.062, and 5.926 for volume. For tree height growth of first generation Mongolian pine introduced to Zhanggutai, the relative growth rate reached its maximum of 0.54 m·a-1 at year 12.3, and the average growth rate achieved its peak at year 21.4 with 0.39 m·a-1. Growth of DBH for trees started at year 6.6 with the relative growth rate reaching its maximum of 0.77 cm·a-1 at year 14.0 and the average growth rate achieving its peak at year 26.0 with 0.47 cm·a-1. Volume growth was very slow before age 12.0 with the relative growth rate reaching its maximum of 0.007 4 m3·a-1 at 29.0 years, the average growth rate achieving its peak at year 47.0 with 0.004 5 m3·a-1. The quantitative maturity age, when the maximum of average growth rate of volume appears, was 47.0 years of Mongolian pine in Zhanggutai. We drew a conclusion that the maximum of relative growth rate of height, DBH and volume of Mongolian pine appear at the age of 12.3 a, 14.0 a and 29.0 a, respectively. The maximum of average growth rate of height, DBH and volume appear at the age of 21.4, 26.0 and 47.0 years, respectively. The quantitative maturity appears in the 47th year after planting.