无患子果皮萃后物滤水分料装置的研制与测试

为了解决无患子Sapindus mukorossi果皮萃后物人工沥水导致的效率低、车间地面黏滑与皂苷浪费等问题，创新设计了一种双向旋转式无患子果皮萃后物滤水分料装置。提出了以"双向旋转式"为核心工作理念的新装置结构，并对其主要的滤水过程进行了理论与运动学分析，且利用增材制造技术制作了样机，依据功能要求进行了性能测试。结果表明:该装置结构简单可靠，实用性强；采用的轴向偏角α < 90°的搅动叶片设计方式可减小果皮堆积的概率；平均滤水率可达45.83%，平均出料率可达85%以上，均满足设计要求。该装置能够较好地实现无患子果皮萃后物和皂苷混合物的分离、皂苷混合物的再回收利用以及萃后物低湿度分离的功能，提高了无患子果皮皂苷的萃取率，从而便于进行后续烘干和晒干工艺，推动了无患子加工产业机械化。

Development and performance test of a water filter for Sapindus mukorossi pericarps after extraction

In order to address the problems such as low efficiency, sticky and slippery workshop floor, and waste of saponin caused by artificial leaching of Sapindus mukorossi pericarps after extraction, a new water filter for the S. mukorossi pericarp after extraction was introduced. The study proposed a "two-way rotation" as the core concept of the new device structure. To verify the feasibility of the design scheme, a theoretical analysis and a kinematics analysis of water filtering process were carried out. This study also used the prototype made with additive manufacturing to execute the performance test according to the functional requirements. The analyses and test results showed that the device structure was simple, reliable and practical. In addition, the design of agitating blades with an axial drift angle α < 90° reduced the probability of pericarps build-up. Moreover, the average water filtration rate of the device could reach 45.83% and the average discharge rate could reach over 85%, both meeting the design requirements. Therefore, the device can not only realize the separation of the mixture of S. mukorossi pericarps and saponin, and the reuse of the mixture of saponin, but also improve the extraction rate of S. mukorossi saponin, which makes it easier to carry out subsequent drying process and promotes the mechanization of S. mukorossi processing industry.