免耕留茬耕作对中小型土壤动物群落的影响

为探讨免耕、留高茬耕作方式对中小型土壤动物群落的组成、结构和季节变化的影响,于2015年4月、7月和10月,在中国科学院吉林省梨树县保护性耕作试验基地,对免耕、留茬和常规处理样地进行中小型土壤动物群落调查。结果显示,本次调查共获得中小型土壤动物18 309只,隶属于2门6纲16目,优势类群为甲螨、革螨、球角跳科和等节跳科。免耕处理样地中小型土壤动物个体密度高于其他处理样地,类群丰富度和多样性指数则以留茬处理最高。各处理样地个体密度最高值均出现在10月。主要土壤动物类群对不同耕作方式及季节变化的响应存在差异。相对于常规耕作,免耕和留茬耕作增加了土壤动物类群和个体数量。

Effects of no tillage and stubble mulch on soil meso-microfauna communities

In order to evaluate the effects of no-tillage and stubble mulch on the soil meso-microfauna assemblages, the abundance, community composition and seasonal variation of soil meso-microfauna were investigated in the Conservation Tillage Research and Development Station of Chinese Academy of Sciences in Lishu County, Jilin Province in April, July and October, 2015. A total of 18 309 soil meso-microfauna were obtained, which belonged to 2 phyla, 6 classes, 16 orders. Among them, the dominant group is Oribatida, Mesostigmata, Hypogastruridae and Isotomidae. The individual density of soil meso-microfauna in no-tillage plots was higher than that in other treatments, while the highest taxon richness and diversity index was appeared in the stubble mulch plot. The highest individual density was recorded in October for all treatment plots. Major soil animal groups differed in response to tillage methods and seasonal variations. Compared with conventional tillage, no-tillage and stubble mulch could increase the individual density of major soil animal groups.