控释氮肥用量对环渤海潮土区棉花产量及氮肥利用率的影响

以常规施肥方法为对照(CK),在大田条件下研究控释氮肥对棉株主茎功能叶叶绿素含量、氮素在棉株地上部的累积分配、棉花产量及构成因素、棉花纤维品质、氮肥利用效率等的影响。结果表明,在等氮量条件下,施用控施氮肥处理的籽棉、皮棉产量显著(P<0.05)高于CK,且氮肥利用率、贡献率、农学效率亦显著(P<0.05)高于CK。这说明,在本试验条件下施用控释氮肥能提高肥料的利用效率。施用常规氮素投入水平80%的控释氮肥即可实现与CK同样的产量,这一用量水平可作为环渤海潮土区棉花施用控释氮肥的参考值。

Effects of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of cotton in fluvo-aquic soil of Bohai Sea Ring Area

In the present study, with the conventional fertilization method using urea as CK, a field experiment was conducted to study the influence of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer on chlorophyll content in the main stem leaf of cotton, cotton yield and its component factors, cotton fiber quality and nitrogen use efficiency. It was shown that, with the same application amount of nitrogen, the yield of seed cotton and lint cotton was significantly (P<0.05) increased under the controlled release nitrogen fertilizer than that of urea (CK), and the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate, the fertilizer contribution rate, the agronomic efficiency were all significantly (P<0.05) higher under the controlled release nitrogen fertilizer than that of urea (CK). The results indicated that the controlled release fertilizer could increase fertilizer use efficiency. When the application amount of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer was 80% of N amount in the conventional fertilization method, there was no significant difference in yield between treatments. This application rate could be used as reference in fluvo-aquic soil of Bohai Sea Ring Area.