烟台市生态红线划定研究

生态红线是中国生态环境保护制度的一项创新，它不仅与中国的生态文明制度建设密切相关，更关系到经济社会的可持续发展。以山东省烟台市为例，就其沿海低山丘陵区的特点从生态功能重要性和生态敏感性2个方面构建评价体系，进行生态保护重要性评价。在遥感影像处理平台与Arc GIS的支持下，采用专家打分法确定权重，运用空间叠置分析法对评价结果进行分析，最终将烟台市划为生态红线与3个级别管控区，其中生态功能重要性评价主要从水源涵养、土壤保持、洪水调蓄、碳固定与维持生物多样性等5个方面进行，生态敏感性评价包括水土流失、土地沙化和海岸线侵蚀等3个方面。最终划定的生态红线面积为3 432.49 km2，占全市总面积的24.97%，主要包括中部山地区域、南部地区与沿海地带。

Delineating an ecological red line in Yantai,Shandong Province

The ecological red line, an innovation of China's ecological and environmental protection system that is not only closely related to the construction of an ecological civilization system for China, but is also related to the sustainable development of the economy and society, has been proposed with scholars conducting research on its delineation using different methods to carry out pilot work. This study was undertaken to define the ecological protection red line from the municipal point of view and to provide a reference for its demarcation in Yantai, Shandong Province. ENVI and Arc GIS were the main means to assess ecological protection in terms of ecological functions and ecological sensitivity in light of the coastal hilly region characteristics. An expert scoring method to determine weights and a spatial superposition analysis method were used to analyze the evaluation results. An index system for evaluating the importance of municipal ecological protection was established, as far as possible, to evaluate the importance of the ecological function from the standpoint of water conservation, soil conservation, flood water storage, climate regulation function, and biodiversity conservation function from the perspective of the quantity of natural resources, and to explore a technical method for demarcating the municipal ecological red line with Arc GIS as the main platform. Also, an ecological sensitivity assessment included soil erosion, land desertification, and shoreline erosion. Results divided Yantai as an ecological red line and three levels of control areas. The final ecological red line area was 3 432.49 km2 accounting for 24.97% of the total city area, mainly includes the central mountainous region, the southern region and the coastal zone. The ecological importance and ecological sensitivity are high in these area. The method system established in this study has certain practicality and can provide reference for other regions.