鄂中地区马尾松人工林群落演替特征研究

目的 以鄂中地区马尾松人工林为研究对象，对马尾松人工林演替过程中物种多样性的变化、演替趋势以及天然更新展开研究，为马尾松人工林的近自然经营提供依据。 方法 对研究区不同林龄（9 a、18 a、28 a和48 a）和不同林分密度（1 0882 644株·hm-2）的马尾松人工林样地林下植物进行调查，并测量林内透光率，分析了乔木树种的演替趋势和多样性影响因素。 结果 表明，马尾松人工林中的主要演替树种为樟树、冬青、杉木、苦楝和短柄枹栎5种。马尾松人工林的主林层与演替层的物种多样性指数随龄级组增加表现为逐渐上升趋势。林内透光率对更新层（P < 0.01）和演替层（P < 0.05）的多样性均有显著的影响，在本研究的密度范围内，林分密度与乔木树种的幼树幼苗密度呈极显著负相关（P < 0.01），与更新层密度呈显著负相关（P < 0.05）。 结论 鄂中地区马尾松人工林群落的顶级群落为冬青+樟树+短柄枹栎混交林。研究区的人工林总体更新能力偏弱，在天然更新弱的区域可以采取补植阔叶树种幼树等方式来进行人工辅助更新。

Community Succession Characteristics of Pinus massoniana Plantation in Central Hubei Province

Objective To study the succession trend, natural regeneration and biodiversity in Pinus massoniana plantation in center Hubei. Method The light transmittance and tree regeneration in 4 age classes (9 years-old, 18 years-old, 28 years-old and 48 years-old) and 3 density levels (1 0882 644 trees per hectare) of P. massoniana plantation were investigated. The succession trend and the influence factors of diversity were analyzed. Result The main succession species in P. massoniana plantation is Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl, Ilex chinensis Sims, Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook., Melia azedarach L. and Quercus glandulifera Bl. The biodiversity index of overstory layer and succession layer in P. massoniana plantation increased with the age class. The light transmittance had a significant influence on diversity in regeneration layer (P < 0.01) and succession layer (P < 0.05). The overstory density was correlated to density of seedlings and young trees (P < 0.05). Conclusion The climax community will be I. chinensis Sims + Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl + Q. glandulifera Bl. mixed community. The natural regeneration ability in research area is weak. In some area the administrators could assist the natural regeneration by planting broadleaved tree seedlings.