馥郁滇丁香‘香妃’成花过程的主要内源物质变化特点

目的 研究‘香妃’成花过程中主要内源物质的变化特点，为人工调控花期提供理论依据。 方法 选取了非诱导光周期下营养生长期（S1）以及诱导光周期下未分化期（S2）、总苞原基分化期（S3）、花序原基分化期（S4）、小花原基分化期（S5）5个时期的顶芽，分别测定可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、生长素（IAA）、玉米素（ZT）、脱落酸（ABA）、赤霉素（GA3）的含量，并且以非诱导光周期为对照，分析诱导光周期下各种内源物质在成花过程中的作用。 结果 GA3因含量极低，在5个时期中都未能检测出；可溶性糖、ZT的含量以及可溶性糖/可溶性蛋白比值在非诱导光周期的营养生长期均达最高，并且随发育进程的推进逐渐降低；可溶性蛋白的含量在营养生长期处于中等水平，未分化期、花序原基分化期达最高，总苞原基分化期、小花原基分化期达最低；IAA含量在非诱导光周期的营养生长期达最高，虽在诱导光周期的花序原基分化期有所回升，但其水平仍低于营养生长期；ABA含量以及ABA/ZT在非诱导光周期的营养生长期达最低，随发育进程的推进持续升高，并在小花原基分化期降低；ABA/IAA随发育进程推进持续升高；ZT/IAA在总苞原基分花期之前急剧升高，之后，又急剧下降并维持在低于营养生长期的水平之下。 结论 相对于非诱导光周期，‘香妃’在诱导光周期下内源ABA、ABA/IAA、ABA/ZT维持在较高水平，以及可溶性糖、IAA、ZT、可溶性糖/可溶性蛋白维持在较低水平有利于成花；ZT/IAA维持在较高水平有利于成花的生理分化，而维持在较低水平则有利于成花的形态分化。

Changes of Key Endogenous Substances during Flowering Process in Luculia gratissima 'Xiangfei'

Objective To study the changes of key endogenous substances during flowering process in Luculia gratissima 'Xiangfei' and try to provide references for artificial regulating of flowering time. Method The buds from various stages, including vegetative growth phase, undifferentiation phase, bract primordium differentiation phase, inflorescence primordium differentiation phase and small flower primordium differentiation phase, were selected, the content of IAA, ABA, GA3, ZT, soluble sugar and soluble protein were determined at the five stages, and the role of endogenous substances for flowering of L. gratissima 'Xiangfei' under induced photoperiod were analyzed and compared with non-induced photoperiod. Result GA3 was not detected at the five phases because of its extremely low content. The content of soluble sugar, ZT, and the ratio of soluble sugar/protein was the highest at the vegetative growth phase, and gradually decreased with the advancement of floral transition process under the inductive photoperiod. The content of soluble protein was in medium level at the vegetative growth phase, the highest at the undifferentiation and inflorescence primordium differentiation phase, and the lowest at the bract and small flower primordium differentiation phase. The IAA content was the highest at the vegetative growth phase among these stages. Although it increased at inflorescence primordium differentiation phase under the inductive photoperiod, its level was still lower than that of the vegetative growth phase. The ABA content and ABA/ZT ratio was the lowest at the vegetative growth phase, and increased gradually with the advancement of floral transition process, and then decreased at small flower primordium differentiation phase. The ratio of ABA/IAA increased gradually during flowering process. The ZT/IAA ratio increased drastically before bract primordium differentiation phase, then decreased later, and stayed at certain levels lower than that of vegetative growth phase. Conclusion Compared with the non-induced photoperiod, higher levels of ABA, ABA/IAA and ABA/ZT, and lower levels of IAA, ZT, soluble sugar and soluble sugar/protein are beneficial to flowering of L. gratissima 'Xiangfei' under the induced photoperiod. Higher level of ZT/IAA could benifit the floral physiological differentiation, and lower level is beneficial to the floral morphological differentiation.