非洲猪瘟影响下我国生猪产品贸易现状

我国是全球最大的猪肉生产贸易国,猪肉进口量约占全球总量的三分之一。受非洲猪瘟疫情影响,我国猪肉产量大幅下降,猪肉进口量进一步增加,猪肉进口额由2017年的22.2亿美元涨至2019年的46.6亿美元;大豆、玉米等主要饲料进口额近三年增长了4~14亿美元。本文分析了国内需求、国际畜产品价格、进口关税、其他贸易国生产消费等因素对我国生猪贸易情况的影响以及是否能依靠进口保障我国猪肉需求等问题,分析认为,我国应加快生猪产业复养复产,积极开发地方品种,促进生猪产业加快转型升级,推进国内国际交融合作。本文为推动我国生猪产品贸易健康发展提供了信息支持。

Status of Pig Product Trade under the Outbreak of African Swine Fever

China is the largest country for pork production and trade,and the import volume accounts for about one third of the global.The pork production has been dropped sharply due to the outbreak of African swine fever(ASF)in China,and the import amount of pork increased from USD$2.22 billion in 2017 to USD$4.46 billion in 2019;and those of soybean,corn and other major feed increased by USD$0.4 to 1.4 in the past three years.In the paper,the impact of domestic demand,international livestock product price,import tariffs,production and consumption of other trading countries on the live pig trade in China,as well as whether the pork demand could be ensured by import and other issues were analyzed.Some suggestions were put forward,including speeding up the recovery of pig farming,actively developing local breeds,promoting the transformation and upgrading of the industry,and pushing forward coordination of domestic and international cooperation.The analysis would provide information support for the healthy development of pig product trade of China.