不同施肥对鲜食玉米生长及肥料农学利用率的影响

通过田间小区试验,分析比较了不同施肥处理对鲜食玉米生长指标、产量、品质、光合特性、土壤酶活性以及肥料农学利用率等指标的影响.试验共设置5个处理,分别为:CK(不施用任何肥料),T1(常规化肥用量+普通有机肥),T2(常规化肥用量+生物有机肥),T3(化肥减施30％+生物有机肥),T4(化肥减施30％+生物有机肥+氨基酸...

Effects of Different Fertilization on Fruit Maize Growth and Fertilizer Agronomic Utilization Rate

[Objectives] In order to explore the effects of different fertilization treatments on the growth of Fresh-eating maize and the agronomic utilization efficiency of fertilizer. [Methods]The effects of different treatments on growth index, yield, quality, photosynthetic characteristics, soil enzyme activity and fertilizer agronomic utilization rate of fruit maize were analyzed and compared through field plot experiments,. Five treatments were set up: CK (no fertilizer), T1 (conventional fertilizer + conventional organic fertilizer), T2 (conventional fertilizer + bio-organic fertilizer), T3 (chemical fertilizer + bio-organic fertilizer), T4 (chemical fertilizer + bio-organic fertilizer + amino acid foliar fertilizer). [Results]The results showed that: (1) Compared with CK, maize yield, quality, photosynthetic characteristics and soil enzyme activity showed an increasing trend; (2) Compared with conventional fertilizer treatment (T1), plant height, stem diameter and SPAD value of bio-organic fertilizer treatment (T2) increased by 11.91%, 5.07%, respectively. 5.25%; soluble protein, soluble sugar and Vc increased by 5.39%, 6.48% and 16.62% respectively; photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of maize leaves increased by 3.44%, 4.22% and 16.19% respectively; (3) under the reduction of fertilizer application, T4 treatment significantly promoted chlorophyll content, soluble sugar and soil sucrose content than T3 treatment. The activities of enzymes increased by 16.26%, 14.05% and 23.82% respectively. On the other hand, the intercellular CO₂ concentration of leaves was significantly reduced by 41.05%. The agronomic utilization efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers increased by 71.10%, 146.25% and 146.25%, respectively. [Conclusions]In conclusion, under the condition of reducing fertilizer application, the combination of bio-organic fertilizer and amino acid foliar fertilizer can improve crop yield, crop quality, soil invertase activity and fertilizer agronomic efficiency, which is worthy of demonstration and promotion in the field.