不同有机肥及用量对矿区复垦土壤有效磷含量及供磷特性的影响

为研究有机肥培肥复垦土壤过程中磷的有效性如何变化、不同有机肥在什么施磷水平下能使作物取得最大生产效率以及合理培肥土壤,依托采煤塌陷定位培肥试验基地(山西省孝义市偏城村),在4个磷水平下(0,25,50,100 kg/hm2)研究不同肥料(鸡粪、猪粪、牛粪和化肥)对玉米产量及土壤速效磷含量的动态变化.经过2年的田间试验,...

Effects of Different Organic Fertilizers and Amounts on Available Phosphorus Content and Phosphorus Supply Characteristics in Coal Mining Reclaimed Soil

This study aimed to study how phosphorus availability changes during soil reclamation with organic fertilizer and at what level of phosphorus application can different organic fertilizer make crops achieve maximum productivity and enriching the soil resonable.For these reasons,a two-year experiment was conducted at the coal mining collapse test base(Piancheng Village,Xiaoyi city,Shanxi Province),with setting four fertilization types(chicken manure,pig manure,cow manure and fertilizer)and four phosphorus levels of 0,25,50 and 100 kg/hm²(pure phosphorus).The results showed that:(1)Different fertilization treatments could significantly increase the yield of corn grain yield.With the increase of phosphorus application,the corn grain yield increased first and then remained unchanged.Through constructing the two-year phosphorus fertilizer effect equation,it was found that the optimal phosphorus application ranges of chemical fertilizer,chicken manure,pig manure and cow manure treatment were 67.54~83.02,24.91~38.65,26.10~29.26 and 50.33~58.38 kg/hm²,it can be seen that the optimal phosphous application of three organic fertilizer is less than chemical fertilizer treatment.(2)The phosphorus uptake and apparent use efficiency of phosphate fertilizer of maize showed that chicken manure≥pig manure>cow manure.The phosphorus uptake of maize increased first and then decreased with the increase of the phosphorus application levels,and the recovery rate of phosphate fertilizer decreased.(3)After continuous fertilization for two years,the depth of soil available P influenced by different fertilization treatments on the reclaimed soil was different.The content of Olsen—P in the 0—60 cm soil layer was significantly increased by the chemical treatment at the dosages of 50 and 100 kg/hm² phosphorus.However,the content of Olsen—P in 0—40 cm soil layer was significantly increased by chicken manure treatment at the dosages of 50 kg/hm² phosphorus,the content of Olsen—P in 0—60 cm soil layer was significantly increased by chicken manure treatment the dosages of 100 kg/hm² phosphorus.The pig manure treatment at the dosages of 50 and 100 kg/hm² phosphorus only significantly increased the content of Olsen—P in the 0—40 cm soil layer,and cow manure treatment only increased the content of Olsen—P in the surface layer.In a word,both the effects of different organic fertilizers on crop growth and soil Olsen—P content showed chicken manure≥pig manure>cow manure.In addition,the different amounts of phosphorus was recommended to the newly reclaimed soil for different organic fertilizers,among which chicken manure and pig manure were least,followed by cow manure.