辽西春季解冻期褐土工程堆积体坡面产流产沙模拟试验研究

为揭示春季解冻期工程堆积体土壤侵蚀过程机理,以辽西地区的开挖河道工程堆积体为研究对象,采用室内模拟放水冲刷试验对春季解冻期褐土工程堆积体坡面侵蚀过程进行研究。结果表明:各解冻坡面径流量随着放水冲刷量的增加而增加,并且在相同放水冲刷量下,坡面径流量整体呈现未解冻坡面>解冻2 h坡面>解冻4 h坡面>对照;解冻时间越长,坡面对径流的延迟作用越明显;解冻时间越长,坡面侵蚀越严重。在相同放水冲刷量下,堆积体坡面总产沙量整体呈现解冻4 h坡面>解冻2 h坡面>未解冻坡面>对照。相较于对照,受冻融作用影响的坡面平均产沙率增加7.90%~44.76%。不同解冻时间及放水量条件下工程堆积体坡面径流量、产沙量与放水流量均呈线性关系变化,随着放水流量增加,径流量、产沙量均线性增加;相较于自然土壤,工程堆积体更容易发生土壤侵蚀。

Simulation Test on Runoff and Sediment Yield of Cinnamon Soil Engineering Accumulation Slope During Spring Thawing Period in Western Liaoning Province

In order to reveal the mechanism of soil erosion process of engineering accumulation during spring thawing period, the accumulation of excavated river engineering in western Liaoning Province was taken as the research object, the erosion process of cinnamon soil engineering accumulation slope during spring thawing period was studied by indoor simulated water discharge scouring test. The results showed that:The runoff of each thawed slope increased with the increase of discharge scouring amount, and under the same discharge scouring amount, the runoff trend was unfreezing slope>thawed 2 h slope>thawed 4 h slope>control; the longer the thawing time, the more obvious the delay effect of slope on runoff and the more serious the slope erosion; under the same discharge scouring amount, the trend of the total sediment yield on the slope surface of the accumulation body was thawed 4 h slope>thawed 2 h slope>unfreezing slope>control. Compared with the control, the average sediment yield of slope affected by freezing and thawing increased by 7.90%~44.76%, respectively. Under different thawing time and water discharge conditions, the runoff, sediment yield, and water discharge of engineering accumulation slope linearly changed. With the increase of discharge scouring amount, runoff and sediment yield linearly increased. Compared with natural soil, engineering accumulation is more prone to soil erosion.