缺钾对不同品种冬小麦土壤钾素和品质的影响

【目的】研究缺钾对不同品种冬小麦土壤钾素及品质的影响。【方法】 以河北省生产上适用的49份冬小麦品种或品系为材料,采用盆栽试验方法。【结果】 土壤缺钾处理,不同品种冬小麦土壤缓效钾、速效钾含量分别降低6.57%~39.06%、5.21%~53.10%;籽粒产量、千粒重、穗粒数、穗长分别降低4.24%~44.48%、1.49%~41.04%、0~49.98%、0~36.87%;籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、沉降值、吸水性、拉伸面积、延展性分别降低0.07%~19.25%、0.39%~19.74%、1.40%~28.90%、0.17%~5.79%、0.19%~43.47%、0.72%~19.63%,但淀粉含量升高了0.03%~13.67%。【结论】 与正常钾相比,缺钾使得土壤钾含量、籽粒产量及产量要素、籽粒品质(除淀粉外)均呈不同程度降低,主要影响了品质指标中的拉伸面积、沉降值、湿面筋和蛋白质含量。

Effects of Potassium Deficiency on Soil Potassium and Quality of Different Winter Wheat Varieties

【Objective】 To study the effects of potassium deficiency on soil potassium and quality of different varieties of winter wheat in view of the shortage of potash resources and soil potassium deficiency in China.【Methods】 49 winter wheat varieties (lines) sui Table for production in Hebei province were used as materials.【Results】 Under the treatment of soil potassium deficiency, the content of slowly available potassium and rapidly available potassium in soil of different varieties of winter wheat decreased by 6.57%-39.06% and 5.21%-53.10% respectively. Grain yield, 1,000-grain weight, panicle grain number and panicle length decreased by 4.24%-44.48%, 1.49%-41.04%, 0-49.98% and 0-36.87%, respectively. The protein content, wet gluten content, sedimentation value, water absorption, stretching area and ductility of the seeds decreased by 0.07%-19.25%, 0.39%-19.74%, 1.40%-28.90%, 0.17%-5.79%, 0.19%-43.47% and 0.72%-19.63% respectively, but the starch content increased by 0.03%-13.67%.【Conclusion】 Compared with normal potassium, potassium content, grain yield and yield factors, and grain quality (except starch) decrease to different degrees due to potassium deficiency, which mainly affect the tensile area, settlement value, wet gluten and protein content in the quality indexes.