首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
     

我国粮食生产中化肥投入的环境成本研究
引用本文:赵志坚,胡小娟. 我国粮食生产中化肥投入的环境成本研究[J]. 湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 0(6): 52-56
作者姓名:赵志坚  胡小娟
作者单位:(1.湖南大学 工商管理学院 湖南 长沙410079;2.湖南大学 经济与贸易学院湖南 长沙410079)
摘    要:施用化肥对我国粮食安全起到了重要的保障作用,然而,用于粮食生产的化肥施用量在不断增加的同时也带来了环境污染问题。文章采用1983-2010年的数据,运用比较法和计量模型分析了我国粮食生产中化肥投入对环境所产生的影响。结果显示:化肥施用量以年均4.57%的速度增长,是粮食增速的3.52倍;单位面积粮食产出的化肥投入边际效用以年均1.58%的速度降低;粮食化肥施用的环境成本以年均7.4%的速度增长;化肥使用量每增加一个百分点,粮食产量增加0.32个百分点,化肥施用的环境成本增加1.74个百分点。最后,针对粮食生产中化肥投入的环境污染问题提出了对策建议。

关 键 词:粮食产出;化肥投入;环境成本

Research on Environmental Cost of Fertilizer Inputs in Chinese Grain Production
ZHAO Zhi-jian,HU Xiao-juan. Research on Environmental Cost of Fertilizer Inputs in Chinese Grain Production[J]. Journal of Hunan Agricultural University, 2013, 0(6): 52-56
Authors:ZHAO Zhi-jian  HU Xiao-juan
Abstract:The use of chemical fertilizers plays an important role in guaranteeing food security in our country. However, while the fertilizers application for food production is continuously rising, it also causes even more severe environmental problems. By applying the comparative method, econometric model and energy analysis theory, the paper adopts the 2004-2008 data in order to analyze the environmental impact of fertilizers input in food production. It finds that the quantity of chemical fertilizers grows by 4.57 percent a year, which is 3.52 times of food growth rate; The marginal efficiency of fertilizers input of grain productivity per unit area reduces by 1.58 percent a year; The environmental cost of fertilizers input increases by 7.4 percent a year; An increase in the fertilizers application amount by 1 percent increases grain output by 0.32 percent and the environmental cost of fertilizers input by 1.74 percent. Then, it analyzes environmental problems caused by fertilizers input for guaranteeing food security and put forward propositions for better performance.
Keywords:grain output   fertilizers input   environmental cost
点击此处可从《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》浏览原始摘要信息
点击此处可从《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》下载全文
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号