杨凌新建日光温室番茄施肥现状调查与分析

新建日光温室土壤肥力较低，在生产过程中菜农过量投入养分资源，为了解该类温室番茄的施肥状况，连续两年调查研究杨凌示范区五泉和大寨等乡镇170个新建日光温室栽培番茄的施肥状况。结果表明，该区域有机肥用量平均为142 t·hm^-2，有机肥带入的养分（以N、P₂O₅、K₂O计）占到日光温室养分总投入的52%、48%及44%；化肥中氮、磷和钾肥用量分别为690、720和759 kg·hm^-2，其中磷、钾用量超出推荐用量的157%和91%，过量施用磷肥、钾肥较为普遍。建议在番茄生产过程中适当降低磷肥和钾肥的用量。

Survey of Fertilizer Application of Tomato in New established Greenhouse in Yangling

This paper surveyed the fertilizer application of tomato in 170 sunlight greenhouses located in Yangling, Shaanxi. The average application rate of organic manure in the greenhouses in the region was 142 t·hm^-2. The ratios of N, P₂O₅ and K₂O nutrients from organic manures accounted for 52%, 48% and 44% of the total amount added into the greenhouses. The average application rates of N, P and K fertilizers used in the greenhouses in the region were 690 kg·hm^-2, 720 kg·hm^-2 and 759 kg·hm^-2, respectively. Excessive fertilization, especially excessive application of P fertilizer and K fertilizer was a very severe problem. We suggest the farmers reduce the application rates of P and K fertilizers properly during the tomato production in the greenhouse.