粒径和启动温度对猪粪气化过程的影响

试验采用自主设计制造的流化床反应器，对猪粪展开空气气化研究。该文主要考察了原料粒径和启动温度对气化过程的影响。试验结果表明，原料粒径会影响固体颗粒在反应器内的停留时间和异相反应的接触面积。随着粒径增大反应器内温度场分布最高温度区上移，因此要求反应器有足够的流化高度；粒径越大，液体产率越高，固体产率越低，气体产率以0.5 mm粒径最高；在1.0 mm以内的原料粒径对气态产物的成分没有明显影响；通过对燃气热值、碳转化率和气化效率3个气化指标的计算，结果显示0.5 mm效果最佳。试验结果也表明反应器启动温度越高，反应器启动时间就越短，越有利于气体产物形成；由于当量比保持不变，所以固体产物得率基本没有变化，液体产物随启动温度提高而减少；小分子气态物质含量随启动温度升高而升高，一些相对大分子物质成分含量随温度升高而减少；启动温度对3个气化指标的影响不是很明显。

Effects of the paricle size and start-up temperature on gasification process of swine manure

The fluidized bed gasifier system was developed and the swine manure air-gasification experiments were carried out. The effects of particle size and start-up temperature on gasification process were studied. The experiments showed the feedstock particle size would influence the solid residence time and contact area in the gasifier. The high temperature field was upper shift with increasing of particle size which required the reactor had enough fluidization height to ensure the solids residence time. The gas highest production rate appeared to 0.5 mm particle size. Solid yield decreased and liquid yield increased with increasing particle size. There had no obvious effects on the composition of gaseous products within 1 mm particle size. Three gasification indexes of fuel gases calorific value, carbon conversion and gasification efficiency were calculated and the 0.5 mm particle size had the best results. The experiments also showed that the higher start-up temperature was, the shorter reactor startup time was, which was beneficial to gaseous production. The yield of liquid products decreased with increasing start-up temperature and the solid production had no fluctuation because of the constant equivalence ratio (ER). The content of some small molecules gases increased with rising of start-up temperature, which was contrary to those of some macromolecules gases. The experiments also showed the start-up temperature had no obvious impacts on the three gasification indexes.