AReportontheComprehensiveManagementontheExperimentSiteofHuangjiaerchaWatershedinNingxiaHuiAutonomous

在分析国内外小流域治理研究现状和发展趋势的基础上，应用生态学原理、经济学和系统工程学理论和方法，以改善生态环境、控制水土流失、提高土地生产力、实现良好综合治理效益为目的，经过五年多努力，建立了小流域综合治理技术系和人工生态经济系统，并建成了宁夏西吉县黄家二贫小流域综合治理试验示范区．研究表明，该地区２０００年在温饱水平下流域人口承载力为１２８个／ｋｍ２．小流域治理效果显著，粮食单产比治理前增加４．５倍，人均收入增加２．５倍，林草覆盖面积由１．７％提高到６１％，土壤流失量减少９５％．

A Report on the Comprehensive Management on the Experiment Site of Huangjiaercha Watershed in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

On the base of the analysis of research status and development trend of small watershed management at home and abroad, this subject applied the ecology principle, the theory and method of economy and systematic engineering. Its purpose is the improvement of ecological environment, control of soil and water loss, the improvement of land productive capacity, realization of good benefit. Through the five years' untiring efforts, the technique system of small watershed comprehensive management and artificial eco economic system was established, and the experimental demonstration region of Huangjiaercha small watershed comprehensive management in Xiji county of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was built. According to the quantitative analysis of population consumption, resources and environment, we firstly put forward the method of the environmental human carrying capacity in the watershed. The amount of environmental human carrying capacity of the watershed is 128 per square kilometers under the simply having enough food and clothing level. The results indicated that watershed treatment effect was notable; grain yield per unit area was increased by 4.2 times; the income per capita was increased by 2.5 times; wood and grass cover area was raised from 1.7% to 61%; the soil loss is reduced by 95%.