基于SRAP和SSR标记的小麦品质相关性状的QTL定位

为了对小麦品质相关性状进行QTL定位,以两个品质性状差异较大的小麦品种西农981和陕麦159构建的169株F2群体和F2:3家系为材料,利用SRAP标记和SSR标记进行遗传图谱构建,并通过完备区间作图法对杨凌及三原两个环境下籽粒的粗蛋白质含量、淀粉含量、湿面筋含量和Zeleny沉降值进行QTL定位。结果表明,在两个环境下共检测到33个与品质性状相关的QTL,其中11个为粗蛋白含量QTL,分布于1A、3A、5A、6A、2B和4B染色体上,可解释表型效应的0.69%~2.48%;7个为淀粉含量QTL,分布于1A、6A、4B和2D染色体上,可解释表型变异的2.94%~6.99%;12个为湿面筋含量QTL,分布于1A、3A、5A、6A、2B、3B和4B染色体上,可解释表型变异的0.58%~2.37%;3个为Zeleny沉降值QTL,分布于3A、1B和3B染色体上,可解释表型变异的2.72%~11.31%。同时,在1A、3A、5A、6A、2B、4B染色体上存在粗蛋白质含量、淀粉含量和湿面筋含量QTL富集区,在后续研究中可重点关注。

QTL Mapping of Wheat Grain Quality Traits Based on SRAP and SSR Marker

The quality characteristics of wheat directly affect its processing and consumption. To explore the wheat quality related QTL (protein,starch,gluten and Zeleny),two different wheat varieties Xinong 981 and Shaanmai 159 were used to develop 169 F₂ population and F_2:3 lines. The F₂ population was exploited to construct genetic map and the F_2:3 lines were grown in two different environments for phenotyping. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant difference for protein in two environments,whereas,the quality of starch,gluten and Zeleny were highly significant at Yangling and significant at Sanyuan. 612 pairs of SRAP primers and 1 550 pairs of SSR primers were used to detect polymorphism between parents and F₂ population. Of them,66 SRAP and 63 SSR primers showed polymorphism among F₂ population. The genetic map and QTL detection results indicated 14 linkage groups including A,B and D genomes with 115 molecular markers constructed,and the whole genetic linkage covered 3 203.67 cM and most markers located on A and B genomes. The 2B chromosome contained maximum number of 21 markers while 1D chromosome revealed minimum three markers. Thirty-three QTLs for quality related traits were identified,including 11 QTLs for protein content,which were distributed on the 1A,3A,5A,6A,2B and 4B chromosomes. Seven QTLs for starch content were distributed on the 1A,6A,4B and 2D chromosomes. Twelve QTLs for gluten content were distributed on the 1A,3A,5A,6A,2B,3B and 4B chromosomes and three QTLs for Zeleny sedimentation value were distributed on the 3A,1B and 3B chromosomes. They could explain 0.69%-2.48%,2.94%-6.99%,0.58%-2.37% and 2.72%-11.31% phenotypic effects,respectively. This study could not detect quality related QTL stable in two environments but detect some QTLs controlling protein,starch and wet gluten traits stable in the same region of chromosome.