滴灌模式下矮秆基因对小麦部分农艺性状的效应

为探明滴灌模式下矮秆基因对小麦农艺性状的影响,对不同麦区的271份小麦品种(系)所含的矮秆基因Rht-B1b、Rht-D1b和Rht8进行检测,并对其在滴灌栽培模式下的株高、穗长、小穗数、穗粒数和单株产量进行分析。结果表明,参试的271份小麦品种(系)中有177份含矮秆基因Rht-D1b,占65.31%;110份含Rht-B1b,占40.59%;58份含有Rht8,占21.40%;27份材料不含有所检测的3个矮秆基因。34.68%的品种(系)含有2个或3个矮秆基因。根据所含矮秆基因的类型可将271份材料分为8类。3个矮秆基因都能显著降低滴灌栽培模式下小麦的株高,其中Rht-B1b还显著降低了穗长、小穗数和单株产量,对穗粒数的影响不显著;Rht8对穗长、小穗数、穗粒数和单株产量均产生了负效应,但影响不显著;Rht-D1b对株高的影响最大,并对穗长、穗粒数和单株产量具有正效应,在育种中应加强利用。

Effect of Dwarfing Genes on Agronomic Characteristics of Wheat under Drip Irrigation Mode

In order to investigate the influence of dwarfing genes Rht-B1b, Rht-D1b and Rht8 on agronomic traits of wheat under drip irrigation mode,we use molecular markers to identify dwarfing genes in 271 wheat cultivars from different wheat production regions,and then the effects of dwarfing genes on plant height,spike length,spikes per individual,kernels per spike and grain yield per plant were analyzed based on the data from the field under drip irrigation mode.Results showed that the screening of 271 varieties with molecular markers revealed that there were 177 genotypes with dwarfing gene Rht-D1b,accounting for 65.31% of the total 271 wheat varieties;110 genotypes with dwarfing gene Rht-B1b,accounting for 40.59%;58 genotypes with dwarfing gene Rht8,accounting for 21.40%;and 27 varieties did not carry any dwarfing genes,account for 9.96%.Among these wheat varieties containing dwarfing genes,34.68% contain two or more kinds of dwarfing genes.The total 271 wheat varieties were classified into eight categories based on the dwarfing genes carried.Three dwarfing genes had significantly negative effect on plant height.The dwarfing gene Rht-B1b significantly decreased spike length,spikes per individual and grain yield per plant while reducing plant height,but had no effect on kernels per spike.Rht8 had no significantly negative effect on spike length,spikes per individual,kernels per spike and grain yield per plant;Rht-D1b had most negative effect on plant height,but had positive effect on spike length,kernels per spike and grain yield per plant.Thus,more attention should be given to dwarfing gene Rht-D1b in the future wheat improvement.