铁皮石斛种子组织培养研究

通过筛选铁皮石斛（Dendrobium candium）果实的最佳消毒方法、种子发芽和壮苗生根的最适培养基，从而达到提高铁皮石斛组织培养的增殖系数和试管苗质量的目的。结果表明：用0．1％的氯化汞溶液对铁皮石斛成熟果实消毒15 min，种子污染率最低，为10％；用1／2MS ＋水解酪蛋白1 g／L ＋马铃薯粉碎液100 g／L ＋蔗糖20 g／L ＋NAA 0．5 mg／L 的培养基进行种子培养，有利于铁皮石斛芽苗的生长，诱导芽苗数达5～6千芽／果；培养基1／2MS ＋水解酪蛋白1 g／L ＋马铃薯粉碎液100 g／L ＋蔗糖20 g／L ＋6-BA 0．5 mg／L，有利于铁皮石斛原球茎的增殖，且诱导原球茎数达6～7千个／果；铁皮石斛的最佳壮苗生根培养基为花宝1号1 g／L ＋花宝2号1 g／L ＋MS 铁盐＋MS 维生素＋NAA 0．2 mg／L ＋水解酪蛋白1 g／L ＋蔗糖20 g／L＋香蕉粉碎液50 g／L ＋苹果粉碎液30 g／L ＋活性炭2 g／L，植株苗高达3～6 cm，根系数量有7～18条／丛。

Study on Tissue Culture of Dendrobium candium Seed

The study was aimed at selecting the optimum disinfection method for fruit and the media for seed germination, rooting and seedling strengthening of Dendrobium candium to raise the coefficient of multiplication and the quality of the plant. The result showed that the seed contamination rate was the lowest under the 0.1% mercuric chloride solution in the fifteen minutes. The seed contamination rate was 10%. 1/2MS casein hydrolyzed 1 g/L potato flakes 100 g/L sucrose 20 g/L as the basic culture medium, the growth tendency of the seed was to seedling with 0.5 mg/L NAA, which the buds could reach five to six thousand. While the growth tendency was to protocorm multiplication with 0.5 mg/L 6-BA, the number of protocorm was six to seven thousand. The height of seedlings could be three to six centimeter and the number of root was seven to eight under the media of 1 g/L of hyponex 1 1 g/L of hyponex 2 ferric salts of MS vitamin of MS NAA 0.2 mg/L casein hydrolyzed 1 g/L sucrose 20 g/L banana flakes 50 g/L apple flakes 30 g/L activated carbon 2 g/L was the best media for strengthening seedling and rooting of Dendrobium candium.