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不同水分状况下施氮对夏玉米水分利用效率的影响
引用本文:翟丙年,李生秀. 不同水分状况下施氮对夏玉米水分利用效率的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2005, 11(4): 473-480. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2005.0408
作者姓名:翟丙年  李生秀
作者单位:1.西北农林科技大学资源环境学院 陕西杨陵712100
基金项目:国家自然科学基金,中国科学院资源与生态环境研究项目,国家自然科学基金,国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)
摘    要:通过盆栽试验采用五因素五水平通用旋转组合设计(1/2实施)方案,研究了不同水分状况下氮肥的用量和施用时期对夏玉米水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,施氮对夏玉米水分利用效率的影响大于土壤含水量,但子粒产量和生物产量水分利用率(WUE子粒和WUE生物)对施氮时期的要求不尽相同,苗期和灌浆期施氮对WUE子粒的影响较显著,而苗期和拔节期施氮对WUE生物的影响则更显著。从单因素效应看,并非施氮量和土壤含水量越高越好。水氮高效配合的关键期是拔节期,且存在阈值反应,其阈值是N0.2g/kg,土壤含水量为21%。低于阈值水平,水氮交互作用不明显,高于阈值水平,水氮互作效应显著。

关 键 词:夏玉米   水分状况   施氮   水分利用效率
文章编号:1008-505X(2005)04-0473-08
收稿时间:2004-06-09
修稿时间:2004-06-09

Effects of nitrogen nutrition on summer maize water use efficiency under different status of soil moisture
ZHAI Bing-nian,LI Sheng-xiu. Effects of nitrogen nutrition on summer maize water use efficiency under different status of soil moisture[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2005, 11(4): 473-480. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2005.0408
Authors:ZHAI Bing-nian  LI Sheng-xiu
Affiliation:1.College of Resources and Environmental Sciences;North Western Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry;Yangling;Shaanxi 712100;China
Abstract:The precipitation is not stable in dryland farming area, it is also difficult to support water according to crop demand in irrigation area, water and fertilizer can not cooperation well according to people expect. In order to develop the effects of water and nutrient fully, it must to be done firstly to decide the key stage and compensatory effect of water and nutrient cooperation, so that it fits to unstable precipitation. Therefore, it is very important to study the condition and mechanism of water and nutrient cooperation, in order to develop the water and nutrient interaction, to improve the use efficiency of water and fertilizer. The pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of nitrogen application rate and stage on summer maize water use efficiency under different status of soil moisture by using the quadratic general spinning design in this paper. The results showed that the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on WUE is more great than that of soil moisture,but the N application stage for WUE is different between WUE based to grain yield and biological yield. Effects of N application in seedling stage and milking stage on WUE based to grain yield are more great than in other stage,while that of N application in seedling stage and jointing stage on WUE based to biological yield are more great than that in other stage. From the single factor effect,we found that the best N application rate and soil moisture are N 0.2g /kg soil and 21% respectively. Not the more N application rate and soil moisture, the more WUE. The key stage for water and nitrogen interaction is jointing stage. The threshold value existed in water-nitrogen interaction.If the N application rate and soil moisture are below the threshold value the interaction effect of N and soil moisture on WUE will be unremarkable, Otherwise that will be remarkable.
Keywords:summer maize  status of soil moisture  N application  water use efficiency
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