基于GIS的黄土丘陵沟壑区耕地地力评价研究

以地处黄土丘陵沟壑区的陕西省安塞县为例,在耕地地力调查和相关资料收集与整理的基础上,应用GIS技术,利用土壤图、土地利用现状图和行政区划图叠置划分法确定评价单元,选取立地条件、土壤性质、土壤肥力和土壤管理等4个方面14个影响因子,结合层次分析法和模糊数学综合评价方法等现代统计分析技术,建立耕地地力评价体系及其模型,对研究区的耕地地力进行综合评价。结果表明,在该县65 559.26 hm2耕地中,1～6级地分别占耕地的10.51%,17.15%,20.38%,16.90%,13.28%,21.79%,对应于国家6～10等地;明确了各级耕地的空间分布特征。评价结果较准确地反映了研究区域的耕地地力状况,基本符合当地的客观实际,对耕地资源的科学管理和可持续利用具有积极意义。

Evaluation of Cultivated Land Fertility in Loess Hill and Gully Area Based on GIS

On the basis of the investigation of cultivated land productivity and the relevant data collection,using Arcgis 9.3 software to overlap the soil distribution map,the land utilization map and the administrative map for deciding evaluation unit,selecting fourteen affected factors from four aspects as land growing situation、soil properties,soil fertility and land management,building up the the evaluation system and model of cultivated land fertility via Analytical Hierarch Program(AHP)and Fuzzy Mathematical Theory(FMT),the cultivated land fertility of Ansai County in loess hill and gully area was evaluated comprehensively.The results suggested that 65559.26 hm2of farmland,the fertility of the grade first to sixth accounted for 10.51%,17.15%,20.38%,16.90%,13.28% and 21.79%,corresponding to the national 6th~10th grades;The space distribution characteristics of each grade was analyzed.The research results showed the condition of farmland soil fertility scientificly and objectively,could reflected the status correctly in the study area,and was beneficial for scientific management and sustainable use of farmlands.