小麦品种抗赤霉病的组织学研究

通过对四个品种穗轴的组织学和组织化学与抗扩展性关系的研究,结果表明:抗感品种健康穗轴在一些组织结构上存在着明显差异,主要表现在抗病品种的维管束导管孔径较感病品种的小,抗病品种的皮层厚壁组织和厚壁细胞壁较感病品种的厚,且差异达显著水平;抗病品种的皮层厚壁组织和厚壁细胞壁增厚的时期比感病品种的早。在受侵染的穗轴中,抗感品种在菌丝的分布和量上,以及细胞的破坏程度上有所不同。抗感品种的木质素均为具丁香素核的木质素。因此,小麦品种抗扩展性的机制之一是靠预先形成的组织结构——厚壁组织和细胞壁厚度等解剖特征来实现的。

A STUDY ON HISTOLOGY OF RESISTANCE OF WHEAT TO WHEAT SCAB (Fusariumg graminearum)

Histology and histochemisty characteristics of ear rachis of 4 winter wheats were studied to determine their association with scab resistant augmentability of varieties of wheat. It was obvious that there were some differences in the tissue structure of healthy ear rachis between the resistant and the susceptible varieties of which the vessel diameter was smaller in resistant than that in susceptible wheat. Cortical sclerenchyma and cortical sclerenchyma cell wall were thicker in resistant than that in susceptible wheat, and cortical sclerenchyma and cortical sclerenchyma cell wall thickening ocurred easier in resistant than that in susceptible wheat,. In infected ear rachis, there were differences in mycelium distribution and special structure formating at infection sites were observed. No difference in lignin types was observed between the resistant and the susceptible ear rachis. Therefore one of the mechanism of the scab resistant to augmentability of varieties of wheat was the preformed tissue structure——cortical sclerenchyma and cortical sclerenchyma cell wall thickness etc.