1986—2015年滇西北地区土地利用类型时空动态研究

基于1986年、1995年、2005年3期土地利用数据和2015年的Landsat 8 OLI数据，利用土地利用类型结构变化、分形理论和景观格局指数，分析滇西北地区30 a来土地利用类型的时空变化特征。结果表明：1986—2015年研究区土地利用均是林地占绝对优势，其比例均在64%以上，城乡工矿用地面积最小，面积比例均不足1%，水域除外，其他土地利用类型动态度均呈上升趋势，城乡工矿用地变化最大；土地利用类型转换主要存在于林地—草地—耕地三者之间，2005—2015年间，三者间转换面积达到最大；各土地利用类型分形特征表现为林地、草地、城乡居住工矿用地和未利用土地的斑块形状趋于稳定，而耕地和水域趋于活跃状态；研究区各土地利用类型变化较复杂，景观总体破碎化加剧，连通度增强。

Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of the Land-use Types in the Northwest Yunnan from 1986 to 2015

The land use data of 1986, 1995 and 2005, and 2015’s Landsat OLI data in the Northwest Yunnan region were used to analyze changes in land-use type of the study area in the recent 30 years through dynamics in the land-use types, fractal theory, and landscape pattern indexes. The results showed that the woodland always dominated the study area from 1986 to 2015, whose percentages was more than 64% of total study area, and the urban land was always increasing though its area was less than 1%, the dynamic indexes of other land-use types were mostly increasing, and the changes of urban-land area was fastest; the major area-transformation among land-use types was in woodland, grassland and cropland, the number of transformation reached its maximum in the decade of 2005−2015; The fractal feature of land types for the study area was obvious, the woodland, grassland, urban-land and unutilized-land tended to relative stabilization, while cropland, and water was tended to active. The fragmentation of overall land landscape was increased, and each land-use type was tended to be aggregated.