滇西北高原水土保持生态修复措施的土壤理化效应

以滇西北高原香格里拉县纳帕海周边区域的坡耕地、荒草地、自然恢复灌丛、自然恢复高山松次生林以及人工混交林等五种生态系统类型为研究对象,采用时空互代法,将它们当作水土保持生态修复中的不同阶段,研究不同地类土壤理化性质的变化规律。结果表明,从不同土层看,0~20cm土层的土壤孔隙度、自然含水量和pH值比20~50 cm及50~100 cm土层有所增加,土壤容重则比下层减小;土壤有机质、全氮、水解性氮、全磷、速效磷、全钾及速效钾向土壤表层富集。从不同植被类型看,自然恢复灌丛、荒草丛对0~20 cm土层理化性质的改良作用大于人工混交林和高山松次生林。

Effect of the Ecological Construction in Soil and Water Conservation on Soil Physiochemical Properties in Plateau Region in the Northwest of Yunnan

The effects of different ecological construction measures on soil physiochemical properties were studied by using spatio-temporal substitution method in five ecosystems of the ecological construction process in soil and water conservation around Napahai Lake in the northwest of Yunnan. The results showed that the content of the soil porosity, water content and pH value in the topsoil of 0-20 cm were higher than those in 20-50 cm and 20-50 cm. The soil organic matter, available K, N, P and total K, N, P gathered in the topsoil in different vegetation types of the wild grass, bushes, artificial mixed forest and natural secondary forest. Based on different vegetation types, the effect of bushes and the wild grass on the soil physiochemical properties in the topsoil of 0-20 cm was clearer than that of artificial mixed forest and natural secondary forest.