杂交小麦主要农艺性状与产量结构间协调性分析

为了对超高产杂交小麦育种工作提供基本依据,试验选用9个性状差异较大的品种(系)组配成36个杂交组合,用Nair单性状水平分组法将杂交组合分为低产组、中产组、高产组和超高产组四组。按分组结果对不同产量水平下各产量构成因素与主要农艺性状间的相关性进行了研究。结果表明:随产量水平的升高,株高、倒二叶面积与产量的关系都由不显著负相关～极显著正相关;穗下节长与产量的关系,由不显著正相关～极显著正相关;旗叶面积和分蘖与产量的关系,由显著正相关～显著负相关。即在超高产杂交小麦育种中,应选择株高适当、穗下节长、株型紧凑、旗叶面积小、倒二叶面积大、分蘖适中的杂交组合。

Analysis of the coordinating activity among major agronomic traits and yield structure in hybrid wheat

In order to provide fundamental references for super-high yield hybrid wheat breeding,9 different wheat varieties were selected and 36 hybrids were obtained from nine-dilled crosses.These 36 hybrid combinations were divided into 4 groups by single characteristic method of Nair grouping: low-yield group,mid-yield group,high-yield group and super-high yield group.The correlations among the major agronomic traits and yield structure were studied in different groups.The results indicated:with the improvement of yield level,the lined relationships between the yield and plant height and area of the second leaf above were from no significant negative correlation to significant positive correlation at 1% level; the relationships between the yield and the stem length under spike were from no significant positive correlation to significant positive correlation at 1% level; the rela- tionships between the yield and the area of the flag leaf and tillers were from significant positive cor- relation to significant negative correlation at 5% level.And it follows that,in super-high yield hy- brid wheat breeding,the crosses of suitable plant height,longer stem length under spike,compacter in plant type,smaller area of the flag leaf,larger area of the second leaf above and suitable tillers should be selected.