湛江地区肉牛棚舍环境评价

为了解热带地区双坡式棚舍散栏饲养模式下的环境特征,在湛江测定了肉牛舍的温度、湿度、气流、PM10等指标。结果表明:棚舍内外温湿度几乎相同,换气量超过了最大换气量,PM10优于卫生标准,温湿指数范围为78～85,处于热应激状态。考虑了气流影响的体感温度范围为25～30.5℃,晴天的14:00和19:00,风速为0.95～1.30 m/s,气流显著地减少了高温的影响。棚顶隔热能力差,晴天棚顶内外表面温差不足1℃,棚顶内表面最高可达60.8℃,此时的舍内气温仅为33.4℃,棚舍自然换气调节是环境控制的主体。

Environmental evaluation of the beef cattle shed in Zhanjiang region of Guangdong province

In order to investigate the environmental characteristics of the open ridge shed with coconut trees overshadowing in tropical summer,the determination of temperature,relative humidity,wind velocity,and PM10 index in the beef cattle shed were carried out in Zhanjiang region of Guangdong province.The result indicated that the temperature and relative humidity were almost the same inside and outside the shed.The ventilation rate of the shed met and exceeded the requirement of the maximal ventilation rate.The concentration of PM10 in the shed was better than the standard of environmental sanitation.The THI ranged from 78 to 85,and the beef cattle were in the heat stress.The THVI which considered the influence of wind ranged from 25℃ to 30.5℃.At 14:00 and 19:00 of sunny days,the wind velocity was between 0.95m/s and 1.30m/s.The wind reduced the impact of high temperature evidently.The temperatures between the inside and outside roof surface during the testing period were all smaller than 1℃,therefore,the ability of heat insulation was not strong.The highest temperature of the inside roof was 60.8℃,and the temperature in the shed at the same time was only 33.4℃.The main part of the environmental control was the natural ventilation of the shed.