采后钙处理对奉节脐橙褐变及膜脂过氧化作用的影响

奉节脐橙(Citrus sinensis Osbeck)是重庆鲜食柑橘的重要品种之一,但容易发生果皮褐变,严重影响生产的经济效益。为了降低脐橙果皮褐变的发生,提高果实的耐贮性和商品价值,本研究以奉节脐橙果实为材料,分别用1%CaCl2、2%CaCl2、1%Ca(NO3)2、2%Ca(NO3)2配合施保功、2,4-D处理,分析其对果皮褐变及膜脂过氧化作用相关生理指标的影响。结果表明:钙处理能有效降低褐变指数、相对电导率和丙二醛含量,提高膜脂过氧化保护酶活性,从而降低果皮褐变率;氯化钙处理效果优于硝酸钙处理。1%CaCl2浸果处理的效果最好,贮藏110d后,褐变指数比对照降低了27.5%。

Effects of Calcium Treatment on the Post-harvest Peel Pitting and Membrane Lipid Peroxidation of 'Fengjie' Navel Orange

'Fengjie' navel orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) is one of important citrus cultivars in Chongqing. However, peel pitting of this cultivar is very serious. It seriously affects the economic value of fruits. In order to prevent the peel pitting and increase the fruit quality and storability, 'Fengjie' navel orange fruits were treated with 1% CaCl_2, 2% CaCl_2, 1% Ca(NO_3)_2 and 2% Ca(NO_3)_2, respectively, together with Sporgon or 2,4-D, and they were then exanuned regularly in terms of physiological and biochemical indicators related to peel pitting and membrane lipid peroxidation. The results indicated that calcium treatment effectively decreased the peel pitting index, relative electric conductivity and MDA content and positively increased activities of membrane lipid peroxidation protective enzymes during storage of fruits, reducing the pitting incidence. The CaCl_2 treatment was better than Ca(NO_3)_2. The fruit treated with 1% CaCl_2 were the best among all the treatments and had lower pitting index, 27.5% lower than that of the control after 110 days of storage. These results are very useful for understanding the mechanism and finding the measures to control peel pitting of 'Fengjie' navel orange.