绥化北部玉米主栽品种的筛选与配套栽培模式的研究

为了筛选出适宜绥化北部地区栽培的玉米品种,并确定合理的栽培方式,以生产上表现较好的25个玉米品种为试材,筛选并研究其配套高产栽培技术模式。结果表明:2011年对25个供试玉米品种进行鉴定,主要选择指标为熟期、抗病及抗倒伏性。筛选出10个同熟期、熟期适中(活动积温在2 300℃左右)、抗性较好的玉米品种,即东农254、绿单1号、绥玉7号、绿单2号、丰单3号、丰单4号、绥玉19、兴垦5号、龙单59和绥玉22。2012年对10个玉米品种进行品种产量试验。密度小于6.00万株·hm-2时,东农254产量最高(11 840kg·hm-2),其次为绿单2号,并对这两个品种进一步进行密度和栽培方式试验,东农254最适栽培密度为6.00万株·hm-2,绿单2号最适栽培密度为6.75万株·hm-2,二者都不适合高密度栽培。二比空栽培方式、大垄双行栽培方式与常规清种栽培方式均具有促进玉米生长发育、早熟增产的作用,尤其大垄双行栽培方式效果更明显。

Study on Selection and Cultivation Technique Model of Main Maize Varieties in Northern Suihua

In order to select suitable maize varieties and reasonable cultivation methods in northern Suihua, tak- ing 25 performed better maize varieties as test materials, high yield cultivation techniques mode were selected and researched. The results showed that 25 maize varieties were tested and identified as the main index of ma- ture period in 2011 ,as well as disease resistance and lodging resistance. 10 maize varieties were screened with synchronization mature, moderate mature period （active accumulated temperature was around 2 300℃） and good resistance,including Dongnong 254 ,Suiyu 7 ,Lvdan 2, Fengdan 3, Fengdan 4, Suiyu 19, Xingken 5, Long- dan 59 and Suiyu 22. In 2012,results of yield test of 10 maize varieties showed that when density was 60 000 plants-hm 2 ,yield of Dongnong 254 was the highest（11 840 kg-hm-2） followed by Lvdan 2. Further tests of density and cultivation methods of Dongnong 254 and Lvdan 2 showed the optimum planting density of Dongnong 254 was 60 000 plants, hmz ,and Lvdan 2 was 67 500 plants.hm-2 ,both were not suitable for high density planting. 2-0 cultivation methods,double lines at one broad ridge cultivation methods and conventional seed cultivation method all had the role in promotion growth, early maturity, yield increasing, especially double lines at one broad ridge cultivation method was more effective.