马铃薯库建成动态研究

在马铃薯块茎的形成和增长过程中 ,小薯不断地形成、退化或转化成大中薯 ,其中出苗2 8d以后的 2～ 3周是决定大中薯数的关键期。在不同密度及施肥处理下 ,马铃薯块茎体积及干重的增长均呈S型曲线变化。单株块茎体积随密度增加而减少 ,适量施用氮、磷、钾 ,可增加块茎体积、单株结薯数和大中薯数 ,其中磷钾肥可使结薯时间提前 ,过量氮肥则推迟结薯时间 ;随密度的增加 ,块茎日增重逐渐降低 ,适量增施磷、钾肥可提高库的充实度 ,增加产量。在本试验因素中量 (适量 )组合 ,底西芮品种单株块茎体积最大增长速率为 2 5 7392ml d ,块茎干重的最大增长速率为 10 6 82 6 g d ;种植密度 4 5 0 0株 6 6 7m2 时 ,单株结薯数为 13 5个 ,大中薯数平均为 10个 ,单产可达 30 0 0kg 6 6 7m2 以上

THE DYNAMIC OF SINK STRUCTURE IN POTATO

During the period of tuber initiation and bulking, new tubers were formed continuously, which either developed into marketable tubers or disappeared by degeneration. Two or three weeks after 28 days from emergence were the crucial period for the determination of marketable tuber number. The increase in both tuber size and dry matter was as S type under all treatments. Tuber volume per hill was decreased as the density of population increased. Right amount application of N, P and K can increase the tuber volume, tuber number and marketable tuber per hill. Application of P and K made tuber initiation earlier, and excessive N delayed tuber formation. As the increase in population density, tuber weight gain per day was reduced. Increasing application of P and K to some extent can increase productivity. Based on the optimum treatments in this research, the maximum growth rate of tuber volume per hill and tuber dry weight for the cultivar Desiree was 25 7392 ml/d and 10 6826 g/d, respectively; under the population density of 4500 hill/667m 2, tuber number per hill was 13 5, marketable tuber per hill was 10, and tuber yield per 667 m 2 can reach up to more than 3000 kg.